Cytoplasmic pressure maintains epithelial integrity and inhibits cell motility.

Cytoplasmic pressure maintains epithelial integrity and inhibits cell motility.
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DOI:
10.1088/1478-3975/ac267a
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发表时间:
2021-10-04
期刊:
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Petrie RJ
Petrie RJ
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jones TM;Marks PC;Cowan JM;Kainth DK;Petrie RJ

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胞浆压力是肌球蛋白收缩和水流的函数,可以调节细胞的形态和动力学。在间充质细胞中,胞质压力通过生理性三维细胞外基质推动细胞突起。然而,细胞内压在上皮细胞中的作用相对不清楚。在这里,我们发现高的细胞质压力是维持屏障功能所必需的,屏障功能是上皮细胞动态平衡的标志之一。此外,我们的数据显示,在上皮细胞向间充质细胞转变(EMT)过程中,降低的胞浆压力有利于片状脂肪的形成。关键的是,肌动蛋白核蛋白Arp2/3的激活是降低胞浆压力和肝细胞生长因子(HGF)诱导EMT反应中板脂形成所必需的。因此,在HGF依赖的EMT过程中,升高的胞浆压力起到维持上皮组织完整性的作用,而降低的胞浆压力则触发片状脂膜的形成和运动。
Cytoplasmic pressure, a function of actomyosin contractility and water flow, can regulate cellular morphology and dynamics. In mesenchymal cells, cytoplasmic pressure powers cell protrusion through physiological three-dimensional extracellular matrices. However, the role of intracellular pressure in epithelial cells is relatively unclear. Here we find that high cytoplasmic pressure is necessary to maintain barrier function, one of the hallmarks of epithelial homeostasis. Further, our data show that decreased cytoplasmic pressure facilitates lamellipodia formation during the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Critically, activation of the actin nucleating protein Arp2/3 is required for the reduction in cytoplasmic pressure and lamellipodia formation in response to treatment with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) to induce EMT. Thus, elevated cytoplasmic pressure functions to maintain epithelial tissue integrity, while reduced cytoplasmic pressure triggers lamellipodia formation and motility during HGF-dependent EMT.
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