Meat Science and Muscle Biology Symposium: stem cell niche and postnatal muscle growth.
Meat Science and Muscle Biology Symposium: stem cell niche and postnatal muscle growth.
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2011-4594
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kuang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bi P;Kuang S
干细胞生态位在调节成体干细胞的行为和功能方面起着关键作用，而成体干细胞是组织生长、维持和再生的基础。在骨骼肌中，被称为卫星细胞的干细胞有助于出生后肌肉的生长和肥大，从而促进农业动物的肉类生产。卫星细胞位于基板鞘下的成熟肌纤维附近。来自细胞外基质的微环境信号由基膜和宿主肌纤维共同作用于卫星细胞，调节卫星细胞的活动。此外，最近研究表明，几种类型的肌肉间质细胞，包括肌肉内前脂肪细胞和结缔组织成纤维细胞，与卫星细胞相互作用，积极调节出生后骨骼肌的生长和再生。从这一点来看，间质成脂细胞不仅对大理石花纹和肉类品质很重要，而且还代表着卫星细胞生态位的一个额外的细胞组成部分。在分子水平上，这些间质细胞可能通过细胞表面配体与卫星细胞相互作用，如Delta-like 1 Homolog(Dlk1)蛋白，其过度表达被认为是导致Callipyge绵羊肌肉肥大的原因。事实上，细胞外Dlk1蛋白已被证明可以促进卫星细胞的成肌分化。了解干细胞生态位内调节卫星细胞分化和维持肌肉动态平衡的细胞和分子机制可能会导致优化肌肉生长和组成的有希望的方法，从而提高肉类产量和质量。
Stem cell niche plays a critical role in regulating the behavior and function of adult stem cells that underlie tissue growth, maintenance, and regeneration. In the skeletal muscle, stem cells, called satellite cells, contribute to postnatal muscle growth and hypertrophy, and thus, meat production in agricultural animals. Satellite cells are located adjacent to mature muscle fibers underneath a sheath of basal lamina. Microenvironmental signals from extracellular matrix mediated by the basal lamina and from the host myofiber both impinge on satellite cells to regulate their activity. Furthermore, several types of muscle interstitial cells, including intramuscular preadipocytes and connective tissue fibroblasts, have recently been shown to interact with satellite cells and actively regulate the growth and regeneration of postnatal skeletal muscles. From this regard, interstitial adipogenic cells are not only important for marbling and meat quality, but also represent an additional cellular component of the satellite cell niche. At the molecular level, these interstitial cells may interact with satellite cells through cell surface ligands, such as delta-like 1 homolog (Dlk1) protein whose overexpression is thought to be responsible for muscle hypertrophy in callipyge sheep. In fact, extracellular Dlk1 protein has been shown to promote the myogenic differentiation of satellite cells. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms within the stem cell niche that regulate satellite cell differentiation and maintain muscle homeostasis may lead to promising approaches to optimizing muscle growth and composition, thus improving meat production and quality.
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