Drivers with alcohol use disorders and their risks of crash involvement.
Drivers with alcohol use disorders and their risks of crash involvement.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.040
复制
发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lacey JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yao J;Voas RB;Lacey JH
驾驶员血液酒精浓度（BAC）和碰撞参与之间的关系是众所周知的。然而，酒精使用障碍（AUD）的作用（即，依赖或滥用）在撞车事故发生中的作用，与非临床重度饮酒的区别尚未得到充分探讨。本研究使用了在弗吉尼亚州弗吉尼亚海滩进行的2010-2011年碰撞风险研究的数据。参与撞车的司机与对照司机进行了比较，并对四个饮酒者群体进行了检查：酒精依赖者、酒精滥用者、酗酒者和所有其他当前（即，饮酒者（Drinker）对两个结果进行Logistic回归分析：中度BAC（≥ .05 g/dl）和车祸参与。总体而言，2，411名参与碰撞的驾驶员和5，514名控制驾驶员提供了可用的数据，其中52.4%是男性，70.8%是白人。驾驶员与AUD的患病率是较低的碰撞涉及的司机（8.7%）比对照组司机（12.7%）。只有重度饮酒者，而不是滥用或依赖性饮酒者，在夜间驾驶中度BAC的可能性超过四倍。更重要的是，在夜间，依赖性饮酒者发生撞车事故的几率只有正常饮酒者的三分之一。然而，与其他三种饮酒类型相比，白天的撞车事故更有可能涉及正常饮酒者。与正常饮酒者相比，AUD驾驶员在夜间驾驶中等BAC的可能性并不高。在考虑到BAC的影响后，依赖性饮酒者在一天中的任何时候都有较低的撞车风险。
The relationship between driver blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and crash involvement is well understood. However, the role of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) (i.e., dependence or abuse) in crash occurrence, as distinguished from non-clinical heavy alcohol consumption, has not been adequately explored. Data from the 2010–2011 Crash Risk Study conducted in Virginia Beach, VA, were used in this study. Drivers involved in crashes were compared with control drivers, and four drinker groups were examined: alcohol dependent, alcohol abusers, heavy drinkers, and all other current (i.e., normative) drinkers. Logistic regression analyses were conducted on two outcomes: having a moderate BAC (≥ .05 g/dl), and crash involvement. Overall, 2,411 crash-involved and 5,514 control drivers provided useable data, 52.4% of which were men and 70.8% Whites. The prevalence of drivers with AUDs was lower for the crash-involved drivers (8.7%) than for the control drivers (12.7%). Only heavy drinkers, but not abusive or dependent drinkers, were over four times more likely to drive with moderate BACs at nighttime. More important, at nighttime, the odds of crash involvement for dependent drinkers were only one third of those for normative drinkers. Daytime crashes, however, were more likely to involve normative drinkers than any of the other three drinker types. Drivers with AUDs are not more likely than normative drinkers to drive with moderate BACs at night. After accounting for the influence of BAC, dependent drinkers have a lower risk of being involved in a crash, at any time of the day.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Lapham, SC;de Baca, JC;Hunt, WC
通讯作者：
Hunt, WC
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Del Rio, MC;Gonzalez-Luque, JC;Alvarez, FJ
通讯作者：
Alvarez, FJ
影响因子：
2
作者：
Houwing, Sjoerd;Mathijssen, Rene;Brookhuis, Karel
通讯作者：
Brookhuis, Karel
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Blomberg, Richard D.;Peck, Raymond C.;Fiorentino, Dary
通讯作者：
Fiorentino, Dary
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Pilowsky, Daniel J.;Keyes, Katherine M.;Hasin, Deborah S.
通讯作者：
Hasin, Deborah S.