Changes in Cost and Insurance Challenges to Cover PrEP Between 2019 and 2021.
Changes in Cost and Insurance Challenges to Cover PrEP Between 2019 and 2021.
复制标题
2019 年至 2021 年间 PrEP 的成本和保险挑战的变化。
DOI：
10.1097/qai.0000000000003180
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Grov,Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Angelo,AlexaB;Mirzayi,Chloe;Carneiro,PedroB;Grov,Christian
方法：数据来自美国一项全国性队列研究，研究对象为16-49岁的顺性别男同性恋、双性恋男性和变性者。我们分析了2019年至2021年期间使用PrEP的参与者的数据，并观察了参与者在不同时间点使用PrEP时所经历的与成本相关和与保险相关的挑战。我们报告了McNemar和科克伦Q检验统计量，以按年份比较各组之间的差异。（n= 828/5013）的参与者接受了PrEP;到2020年，21%（n= 995/4727）正在接受PrEP，到2021年，百分之二十四点五（n= 1133/4617）在临床预约的各个时间点，那些经历挑战的人支付PrEP护理的比例显著下降，实验室工作和处方。那些经历保险和共付额审批问题的人没有明显变化。虽然没有统计学意义，但随着时间的推移，唯一增加的比例是那些报告PrEP相关保险批准问题的人。在一项事后分析中，我们发现，与当前的PrEP用户相比，过去一年报告使用PrEP的人目前没有使用PrEP的人更有可能报告经历大多数PrEP挑战。讨论：我们发现2019年至2021年期间保险和成本相关挑战显着减少。然而，那些在过去一年内停止PrEP的人报告了支付PrEP的更大挑战，这表明成本和保险问题可能会破坏PrEP的持久性。
Methods:Data were taken from a US national cohort study of cisgender gay and bisexual men and transgender individuals aged 16–49 years. We analyzed data from PrEP-using participants between 2019 and 2021 and observed cost-related and insurance-related challenges participants experienced while on PrEP across time points. We report McNemar and Cochrane Q test statistics to compare differences between groups by year (s).Results:In 2019, 16.5%(n= 828/5013) of participants were on PrEP; by 2020, 21%(n= 995/4727) were on PrEP, and by 2021, 24.5%(n= 1133/4617) were on PrEP. The proportion of those experiencing challenges paying for PrEP care decreased significantly across time points for clinical appointments, laboratory work, and prescriptions. Those experiencing insurance and copay approval issues did not change significantly. Although not statistically significant, the only proportion that increased over time was those reporting PrEP-related insurance approval issues. In a post hoc analysis, we found that those reporting PrEP use in the past year who were not currently on PrEP were significantly more likely to report experiencing most PrEP challenges, when compared with current PrEP users.Discussion:We found significant reductions in insurance and cost-related challenges between 2019 and 2021. However, those who discontinued PrEP within the past year reported greater challenges paying for PrEP, suggesting that cost and insurance issues may undermine PrEP persistence.
登录
查看更多内容
酶免疫组织化学：技术方面。
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Sheibani,K;Tubbs,RR
通讯作者：
Tubbs,RR
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1991-06
期刊：
The American journal of pathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Tzyy Choou Wu;Risa B. Mann;Jonathan I. Epstein;E. Macmahon;W. Lee;Patricia Charache;S. Hayward;Robert J. Kurman;Gary S. Hayward;R. Ambinder
通讯作者：
Tzyy Choou Wu;Risa B. Mann;Jonathan I. Epstein;E. Macmahon;W. Lee;Patricia Charache;S. Hayward;Robert J. Kurman;Gary S. Hayward;R. Ambinder
通过结合 Southern 印迹和原位杂交证明霍奇金病和 Ki-1 阳性间变性大细胞淋巴瘤中的单克隆 EBV 基因组。
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
I. Anagnostopoulos;Hermann Herbst;G. Niedobitek;H. Stein
通讯作者：
H. Stein
霍奇金病患者淋巴结中的 Epstein-Barr 病毒基因组可能并不特异于 Reed-Sternberg 细胞。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
The American journal of pathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Masih,A;Weisenburger,D;Duggan,M;Armitage,J;Bashir,R;Mitchell,D;Wickert,R;Purtilo,DT
通讯作者：
Purtilo,DT
Epstein-Barr 病毒感染和霍奇金病：使用聚合酶链式反应进行固定组织的研究。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Shibata,D;Hansmann,ML;Weiss,LM;Nathwani,BN
通讯作者：
Nathwani,BN