Pattern Separation: A Potential Marker of Impaired Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorder.
Pattern Separation: A Potential Marker of Impaired Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorder.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2017.00571
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Calarge C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gandy K;Kim S;Sharp C;Dindo L;Maletic-Savatic M;Calarge C
成年神经发生涉及新神经元的产生，特别是在海马的齿状回。尽管文献中存在一些不一致，但在抑郁症动物模型和重度抑郁症（MDD）患者中均发现海马神经发生减少。在这里，我们建立在现有的模型，以产生一个新的可检验的假设，连接受损的神经发生下游的心理结果，通常在MDD中观察到。我们认为，在成人神经发生的破坏损害模式分离，一个依赖于大脑皮层的功能，需要仔细的歧视和高度相似的存储，但不相同，感觉输入。这反过来又会影响下游处理和反应选择，与情绪健康有关。具体地，中断的模式分离导致被误解的刺激（即，刺激混淆），触发对不适合实际刺激的已建立的反应的选择和部署。我们推测，这可能类似于MDD的认知行为理论中描述的自动思维的激活。类似地，这种在基本感觉处理水平上辨别信息的能力受损（例如，受损的模式分离）可能是受损的心理灵活性的基础，这是MDD的接受和承诺疗法的核心组成部分。我们建议，需要通过研究认知功能（例如，模式分离能力），心理过程（例如，持续性和心理适应性）和神经发生，利用新兴的基于磁共振光谱的成像来测量体内神经发生。
Adult neurogenesis involves the generation of new neurons, particularly in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Decreased hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in both animal models of depression and in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), despite some inconsistency in the literature. Here, we build upon current models to generate a new testable hypothesis, linking impaired neurogenesis to downstream psychological outcomes commonly observed in MDD. We contend that disruption in adult neurogenesis impairs pattern separation, a hippocampus-dependent function requiring the careful discrimination and storage of highly similar, but not identical, sensory inputs. This, in turn, can affect downstream processing and response selection, of relevance to emotional wellbeing. Specifically, disrupted pattern separation leads to misperceived stimuli (i.e., stimulus confusion), triggering the selection and deployment of established responses inappropriate for the actual stimuli. We speculate that this may be akin to activation of automatic thoughts, described in the Cognitive Behavior Theory of MDD. Similarly, this impaired ability to discriminate information at a fundamental sensory processing level (e.g., impaired pattern separation) could underlie impaired psychological flexibility, a core component of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy of MDD. We propose that research is needed to test this model by examining the relationship between cognitive functioning (e.g., pattern separation ability), psychological processes (e.g., perseveration and psychological inflexibility), and neurogenesis, taking advantage of emerging magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based imaging that measures neurogenesis in-vivo.
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