Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action.
Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2021.780888
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Blumberg B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohajer N;Du CY;Checkcinco C;Blumberg B
成人和儿童肥胖症已达到流行病程度。热量过多和体力活动不足导致肥胖的想法是一个普遍接受的答案不必要的体重增加。这种范式提供了一个不确定的解释，因为世界不断走向一个不健康和更重的存在，而不管能量平衡。内分泌干扰物（EDCs）是一种类似于天然激素的化学物质，通过干扰人体的内源性激素来干扰内分泌功能。已经发现一种称为肥胖原的内分泌干扰物的子集会导致体内代谢紊乱，如脂肪储存增加。致肥剂通过多种途径作用于代谢系统，并且已发现影响多种系统的稳态，例如肠道微生物组和脂肪组织功能。致肥胖化合物已被证明会导致生命后期的代谢紊乱，甚至可以在暴露后传递给多个后代。肥胖和相关代谢疾病的发病率不断上升，要求人们越来越关注化学筛查工作和全球预防策略，以确保公众和后代的安全。本文综述了目前已知的肥胖及其对代谢系统的影响的最新研究结果，通过它们的作用机制，以及通过它们被确定的筛选工作。肥胖，棕色脂肪组织和肠道微生物之间的相互作用是将涵盖的主要主题。
Adult and childhood obesity have reached pandemic level proportions. The idea that caloric excess and insufficient levels of physical activity leads to obesity is a commonly accepted answer for unwanted weight gain. This paradigm offers an inconclusive explanation as the world continually moves towards an unhealthier and heavier existence irrespective of energy balance. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemicals that resemble natural hormones and disrupt endocrine function by interfering with the body’s endogenous hormones. A subset of EDCs called obesogens have been found to cause metabolic disruptions such as increased fat storage, in vivo. Obesogens act on the metabolic system through multiple avenues and have been found to affect the homeostasis of a variety of systems such as the gut microbiome and adipose tissue functioning. Obesogenic compounds have been shown to cause metabolic disturbances later in life that can even pass into multiple future generations, post exposure. The rising rates of obesity and related metabolic disease are demanding increasing attention on chemical screening efforts and worldwide preventative strategies to keep the public and future generations safe. This review addresses the most current findings on known obesogens and their effects on the metabolic system, the mechanisms of action through which they act upon, and the screening efforts through which they were identified with. The interplay between obesogens, brown adipose tissue, and the gut microbiome are major topics that will be covered.
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