Allergic disease associations with regional and localized estimates of air pollution.
Allergic disease associations with regional and localized estimates of air pollution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.039
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Malecki KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schultz AA;Schauer JJ;Malecki KM
暴露于多种类型的空气污染可能会导致和加剧过敏性疾病，包括哮喘和喘息。然而，很少有研究探讨成人人群中的慢性空气污染暴露和过敏性疾病的结果。在全州范围内的成人普通人群中，研究了年平均细颗粒物（PM2.5）、交通相关空气污染和工业源空气排放的潜在估计值与三种过敏性疾病（哮喘、过敏和喘息）结果之间的关联。该研究包括3381名成年威斯康星州居民的代表性样本，他们参加了2008-2013年威斯康星州健康调查（SHOW）计划。参与者的数据在地理上与美国环境保护局（USEPA）的Baysian时空尺度下PM2.5空气污染模型，美国人口普查道路和USEPA的有毒物质释放清单数据相关联。自我报告和肺功能（FEV 1）估计值用于定义哮喘、过敏和喘息症状的患病率。细颗粒物（PM2.5）年平均暴露量在6.59至15.14微克/立方米之间。PM2.5年平均值每增加5 μg/m3，调整后的哮喘发病几率（95%CI）增加3.58（2.36，5.43）。暴露于车辆交通增加了当前过敏[OR（95% CI）=1.35（1.07，1.35）]和当前哮喘[OR（95% CI）=1.51（1.14，2.00）]的几率。居住在州际公路300米以内的人患哮喘的几率增加了3倍。那些生活在工业区800米范围内的人患哮喘的可能性要高出47%。未观察到与喘息的显著相关性。在暴露于估计的12 μg/m3或接近12 μg/m3的细颗粒物（PM2.5）慢性暴露的总体年平均水平（USEPA空气质量标准）的人群中，发现模拟的PM2.5暴露和接近道路与哮喘和过敏（但不是喘息）之间存在显著关联。
Exposure to multiple types of air pollution may contribute to and exacerbate allergic diseases including asthma and wheezing. However, few studies have examined chronic air pollution exposure and allergic disease outcomes among an adult population. Associations between potential estimates of annual average fine particulate matter (PM2.5), traffic related air pollution, and industrial source air emissions and three allergic disease outcomes (asthma, allergies and wheezing) were examined in a state-wide general population of adults. The study includes a representative sample of 3381 adult Wisconsin residents who participated in the 2008–2013 Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW) program. Participant data were geographically linked to The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Baysian space-time downscaler air pollution model for PM2.5, the United States Census roadway, and USEPA's Toxic Release Inventory data. Self-report and lung function (FEV1) estimates were used to define prevalence of asthma, allergies and wheezing symptoms. Annual mean exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was between 6.59 and 15.14 μg/m3. An increase of 5 μg/m3 in the annual mean PM2.5 resulted in a 3.58 (2.36, 5.43) increase in the adjusted odds (95% CI) of having asthma. Exposure to vehicle traffic increased the odds of both current allergies [OR (95% CI)=1.35 (1.07, 1.35)] and current asthma [OR (95% CI)=1.51 (1.14, 2.00)]. Living within 300 m of an Interstate roadway was associated with a 3-fold increase in the odds of asthma. Those living within 800 m of an industrial site were 47% more likely to have asthma. No significant associations were seen with wheezing. Within this population exposed to overall annual average levels of estimated low level chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at or near 12 μg/m3, the USEPA standard for air quality, significant association between both modeled PM2.5 exposure and proximity to roadways with asthma and allergies but not wheezing were found. Industrial source emissions were not associated with any allergic disease outcomes.
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