Effects of biochar and maize straw on the short-term carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a cultivated silty loam in China
Effects of biochar and maize straw on the short-term carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a cultivated silty loam in China
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生物炭和玉米秸秆对中国耕作粉质壤土短期碳氮动态的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s11356-016-7829-0
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shi-qing Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li-xia Zhu;Qian Xiao;Yu-fang Shen;Shi-qing Li
施用玉米秸秆和生物炭可以潜在地提高土壤肥力并固存土壤中的碳（C），但关于玉米秸秆和生物炭对土壤碳和氮（N）矿化作用的信息很少。我们对栽培粉质壤土、玉米秸秆和/或玉米秸秆生产的生物炭进行了五种处理：仅土壤（对照）、土壤 + 1% 玉米秸秆 (S)、土壤 + 4% 生物炭 (B1)、土壤 + 4% 生物炭 + 1% 玉米秸秆 (B1S) 和土壤 + 8% 生物炭 + 1% 玉米秸秆 (B2S)。在60天的培养过程中，采用破坏性取样方法定期测量三个重复的CO2排放量、土壤有机碳、溶解有机碳、易氧化碳、总氮、矿物质氮、净氮矿化度以及微生物生物量碳和氮。 C 矿化在处理 S 中最高，其次是 B2S、B1S、对照和 B1。总净CO2排放量表明，根据生物炭添加率，生物炭和秸秆之间可能会出现负或正的启动效应，并且生物炭矿化作用最小。到第35天，无论生物炭添加量如何，玉米秸秆均显着增加了微生物生物量C和N，但降低了溶解性有机N。然而，单独使用生物炭对微生物生物量C或N没有显着影响，但降低了溶解性有机N。将土壤与生物炭和/或秸秆混合显着增加了土壤有机C、易氧化C和总N含量，并降低了溶解性有机N含量。溶解的有机碳含量显示出不同的结果。值得注意的是，氮在掺有秸秆和/或生物炭的土壤中被固定，但掺有秸秆的土壤的效果更强，这可能会导致植物生长缺乏氮。生物炭和玉米秸秆的施用会影响土壤C和N循环，生物炭和玉米秸秆的适当比例需要进一步研究以增加碳固存。
Application of maize straw and biochar can potentially improve soil fertility and sequester carbon (C) in the soil, but little information is available about the effects of maize straw and biochar on the mineralization of soil C and nitrogen (N). We conducted a laboratory incubation experiment with five treatments of a cultivated silty loam, biochar produced from maize straw and/or maize straw: soil only (control), soil + 1 % maize straw (S), soil + 4 % biochar (B1), soil + 4 % biochar + 1 % maize straw (B1S), and soil + 8 % biochar + 1 % maize straw (B2S). CO2emissions, soil organic C, dissolved organic C, easily oxidized C, total N, mineral N, net N mineralization, and microbial biomass C and N of three replicates were measured periodically during the 60-day incubation using destructive sampling method. C mineralization was highest in treatment S, followed by B2S, B1S, the control, and B1. Total net CO2emissions suggested that negative or positive priming effect may occur between the biochar and straw according to the biochar addition rate, and biochar mineralization was minimal. By day 35, maize straw, irrespective of the rate of biochar addition, significantly increased microbial biomass C and N but decreased dissolved organic N. Biochar alone, however, had no significant effect on either microbial biomass C or N but decreased dissolved organic N. Mixing the soil with biochar and/or straw significantly increased soil organic C, easily oxidized C and total N contents, and decreased dissolved organic N content. Dissolved organic C contents showed mixed results. Notably, N was immobilized in soil mixed with straw and/or biochar, but the effect was stronger for soil mixed with straw, which may cause N deficiency for plant growth. The application of biochar and maize straw can thus affect soil C and N cycles, and the appropriate proportion of biochar and maize straw need further studies to increase C sequestration.
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影响因子：
13.6
作者：
A. Usman;Y. A. Almaroai;Mahtab Ahmad;M. Vithanage;Y. Ok
通讯作者：
A. Usman;Y. A. Almaroai;Mahtab Ahmad;M. Vithanage;Y. Ok
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.12.012
发表时间：
2006-08
期刊：
The Science of the total environment
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Wengel;E. Kothe;C. Schmidt;K. Heide;G. Gleixner
通讯作者：
M. Wengel;E. Kothe;C. Schmidt;K. Heide;G. Gleixner
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Calderón FJ;Benjamin J;Vigil MF
通讯作者：
Vigil MF
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
LEFROY, RDB;BLAIR, GJ;STRONG, WM
通讯作者：
STRONG, WM
影响因子：
2
作者：
T. H. Ansari;Yoshinori Yamamoto;Tetsushi Yoshida;A. Miyazaki;Yulong Wang
通讯作者：
T. H. Ansari;Yoshinori Yamamoto;Tetsushi Yoshida;A. Miyazaki;Yulong Wang