A comparison of corn (Zea mays L.) residue and its biochar on soil C and plant growth.
A comparison of corn (Zea mays L.) residue and its biochar on soil C and plant growth.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0121006
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vigil MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calderón FJ;Benjamin J;Vigil MF
为了正确确定炭化作物秸秆的价值，需要比较生物炭与未炭化作物秸秆的碳利用效率和对作物生长的影响。在这项研究中，我们比较了玉米秸秆添加到土壤中，与烧焦（300 °C和500 °C）玉米残留物的等效添加量。进行了两个实验：一个长期的实验室矿化，和一个生长室试验与proso小米植物。在实验室中，我们测量了土壤矿质氮动态，C利用效率，和土壤有机质（SOM）的化学变化，通过红外光谱。300 °C生物炭相对于未添加任何物质的对照降低了植物生物量。500°C的生物炭对植物生物量几乎没有影响。培养我们测得较低的土壤NO3含量在玉米秸秆处理比在生物炭修正的土壤，这表明谷子生长减少秸秆处理主要是由N限制，而其他因素有助于生物质产量的减少在生物炭处理。玉米秸秆固碳利用效率高达0.26，但炭化增强固碳值范围从0.64至1.0。红外光谱的土壤，因为他们矿化表明，在3400，2925-2850，1737 cm-1，和1656 cm-1的吸光度下降，在孵育过程中，可以被视为不稳定的SOM，玉米渣，或生物炭带。1600、1500-1420和1345 cm-1附近的吸光度代表更难降解的SOM部分。我们的研究结果表明，添加作物残体生物炭到土壤中是一个健全的固碳技术相比，让作物残体在田间分解。这是因为土壤改良后的焦炭分解阻力抵消了作物残体炭化过程中的任何C损失。
In order to properly determine the value of charring crop residues, the C use efficiency and effects on crop performance of biochar needs to be compared to the un-charred crop residues. In this study we compared the addition of corn stalks to soil, with equivalent additions of charred (300 °C and 500 °C) corn residues. Two experiments were conducted: a long term laboratory mineralization, and a growth chamber trial with proso millet plants. In the laboratory, we measured soil mineral N dynamics, C use efficiency, and soil organic matter (SOM) chemical changes via infrared spectroscopy. The 300 °C biochar decreased plant biomass relative to a nothing added control. The 500°C biochar had little to no effect on plant biomass. With incubation we measured lower soil NO3 content in the corn stalk treatment than in the biochar-amended soils, suggesting that the millet growth reduction in the stalk treatment was mainly driven by N limitation, whereas other factors contributed to the biomass yield reductions in the biochar treatments. Corn stalks had a C sequestration use efficiency of up to 0.26, but charring enhanced C sequestration to values that ranged from 0.64 to 1.0. Infrared spectroscopy of the soils as they mineralized showed that absorbance at 3400, 2925-2850, 1737 cm-1, and 1656 cm-1 decreased during the incubation and can be regarded as labile SOM, corn residue, or biochar bands. Absorbances near 1600, 1500-1420, and 1345 cm-1 represented the more refractory SOM moieties. Our results show that adding crop residue biochar to soil is a sound C sequestration technology compared to letting the crop residues decompose in the field. This is because the resistance to decomposition of the chars after soil amendment offsets any C losses during charring of the crop residues.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Calderon, Francisco;Haddix, Michelle;Paul, Eldor
通讯作者：
Paul, Eldor
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作者：
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Swift, RS
通讯作者：
Swift, RS