Resilience and demographic characteristics predicting distress during the COVID-19 crisis.
Resilience and demographic characteristics predicting distress during the COVID-19 crisis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113389
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Adini B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimhi S;Marciano H;Eshel Y;Adini B
由于缺乏疫苗或治疗方法，COVID-19大流行对全人类构成威胁，破坏了人们的基本安全感并增加了痛苦症状。调查个人复原力、福祉和人口特征在多大程度上可以预测冠状病毒大流行的两个指标：痛苦症状和感知危险。采用了两个独立样本：1）通过互联网面板公司招募的 605 名受访者； 2) 采用滚雪球抽样的方式通过社交媒体招募了 741 名受访者。两个样本都填写了结构化在线调查问卷。研究了心理/人口变量与痛苦和感知危险之间的相关性。进行路径分析是为了识别遇险和感知危险的预测指标。个人/社区复原力和危险感（分别为 -0.220 和 -0.255；p < .001）与痛苦症状（分别为 -0.398 和 -0.544；p < .001）之间存在显着负相关。性别、社区规模、经济困难和危险感之间存在显着正相关（分别为 0.192、0.117 和 0.244；p < .001）。性别和经济困难也与痛苦症状呈正相关（分别为 0.130 和 0.214；p < .001）。路径分析显示，除了家庭收入和痛苦症状之间的路径 (p = .12) 之外，所有路径均显着（p < .008 至 .001）。七个预测因子解释了 20% 的危险感方差和 34% 的痛苦症状方差。最具预测性的指标是两个心理特征：个人复原力和幸福感。 COVID-19 造成的年龄、性别、社区规模和经济困难进一步增加了对困境的预测，而社区和国家的复原力则不然。 。个人复原力和幸福感已被发现是 COVID-19 焦虑的首要预测因素。尽管这两个预测因素都很复杂，并且可能受到许多因素的影响，但考虑到 COVID-19 威胁和其他未来健康流行病威胁可能再次对我们的世界造成影响，我们必须重新思考并制定加强这些威胁的方法。目前的研究是在第一波 COVID-19 大流行高峰期间进行的。研究了两种流行病的影响，即痛苦症状和感知危险。最佳流行病影响心理预测因素：个人复原力福祉。最佳流行病效应的人口预测因素：年龄、性别、经济困难。社区和国家的复原力并没有显着增加预测。
Due to lack of vaccine or cure, the COVID-19 pandemic presents a threat to all human beings, undermining people's basic sense of safety and increasing distress symptoms. To investigate the extent to which individual resilience, well-being and demographic characteristics may predict two indicators of Coronavirus pandemic: distress symptoms and perceived danger. Two independent samples were employed: 1) 605 respondents recruited through an internet panel company; 2) 741 respondents recruited through social media, using snowball sampling. Both samples filled a structured online questionnaire. Correlations between psychological/demographic variables and distress and perceived danger were examined. Path analysis was conducted to identify predictive indicators of distress and perceived danger. Significant negative correlations were found between individual/community resilience and sense of danger (−0.220 and −0.255 respectively; p < .001) and distress symptoms (- 0.398 and −0.544 respectively; p < .001). Significant positive correlations were found between gender, community size, economic difficulties and sense of danger (0.192, 0.117 and 0.244 respectively; p < .001). Gender and economic difficulties also positively correlated with distress symptoms (0.130 and 0.214 respectively; p < .001). Path analysis revealed that all paths were significant (p < .008 to .001) except between family income and distress symptoms (p = .12). The seven predictors explained 20% of sense of danger variance and 34% the distress symptoms variance. The most highly predictive indicators were the two psychological characteristics, individual resilience, and well-being. Age, gender, community size, and economic difficulties due to COVID-19 further add to predicting distress, while community and national resilience do not. . Individual resilience and well-being have been found as the first and foremost predictors of COVID-19 anxiety. Though both predictors are complex and may be influenced by many factors, given the potential return of COVID-19 threat and other future health pandemic threats to our world, we must rethink and develop ways to reinforce them. Current study was conducted during a peak in the COVID-19 pandemic, 1st wave. Two pandemic effects, distress symptoms and perceived danger, were examined. Best pandemic effect psychological predictors: individual resilience well-being. Best pandemic effect’ demographic predictors: age, gender, economic difficulties. Community and national resilience did not significantly add to predictions.
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