Genetic and hormonal mechanisms underlying sex-specific immune responses in tuberculosis.
Genetic and hormonal mechanisms underlying sex-specific immune responses in tuberculosis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.it.2022.06.004
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Bishai, William R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gupta, Manish;Srikrishna, Geetha;Klein, Sabra L.;Bishai, William R.
Tuberculosis (TB), the world’s deadliest bacterial infection, afflicts more human males than females, with an M/F ratio of 1.7. Sex disparities in TB prevalence, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations are widely reported, yet the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely undefined. This review assesses existing epidemiologic data on sex disparity in TB, and possible underlying hormonal and genetic mechanisms that might differentially modulate innate and adaptive immune responses in males and females, leading to sex differences in disease susceptibility. We consider whether sex disparity can be extended to efficacy of vaccines and discuss novel animal models which may offer mechanistic insights. A better understanding of the biological factors underpinning sex-related immune responses in TB may enable sex-specific candidate personalized therapies for TB.
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