Host protective roles of type 2 immunity: parasite killing and tissue repair, flip sides of the same coin.
Host protective roles of type 2 immunity: parasite killing and tissue repair, flip sides of the same coin.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.smim.2014.06.003
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Sutherland TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen JE;Sutherland TE
2 型免疫与蠕虫感染和对损伤的反应有关。参与组织修复和蠕虫免疫的途径重叠。 IL-4Rα 对于加速修复和蠕虫控制至关重要。适应性免疫有助于更快的伤口修复。后生动物寄生虫通常会诱导 2 型免疫反应，其特征是辅助 T 2 (Th2) 细胞产生细胞因子 IL-4、IL-5 和 IL-13 等。 2 型反应是宿主保护性反应，通过直接杀死组织或从肠道排出来减少寄生虫的数量。 2 型免疫还可以保护宿主免受这些大型细胞外寄生虫在体内迁移时介导的损害。 IL-4Rα 是先天性和适应性 2 型免疫反应的核心，介导许多关键效应子功能。在这里，我们强调介导寄生虫控制和组织修复的分子、细胞和途径之间惊人的重叠。我们提出，适应性 Th2 免疫是从我们的先天修复途径进化而来，在面对多细胞病原体的持续攻击时，可以介导加速修复和寄生虫控制。 2 型细胞因子参与哺乳动物生理学的许多方面，与蠕虫感染无关。因此，了解蠕虫杀灭和组织修复之间的进化关系应该为面对物理损伤时组织保护的免疫机制提供新的见解。
Type 2 immunity is associated with both helminth infection and responses to injury. Pathways involved in tissue repair and helminth immunity overlap. The IL-4Rα is central to accelerating both repair and helminth control. Adaptive immunity contributes to more rapid wound repair. Metazoan parasites typically induce a type 2 immune response, characterized by T helper 2 (Th2) cells that produce the cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 among others. The type 2 response is host protective, reducing the number of parasites either through direct killing in the tissues, or expulsion from the intestine. Type 2 immunity also protects the host against damage mediated by these large extracellular parasites as they migrate through the body. At the center of both the innate and adaptive type 2 immune response, is the IL-4Rα that mediates many of the key effector functions. Here we highlight the striking overlap between the molecules, cells and pathways that mediate both parasite control and tissue repair. We have proposed that adaptive Th2 immunity evolved out of our innate repair pathways to mediate both accelerated repair and parasite control in the face of continual assault from multicellular pathogens. Type 2 cytokines are involved in many aspects of mammalian physiology independent of helminth infection. Therefore understanding the evolutionary relationship between helminth killing and tissue repair should provide new insight into immune mechanisms of tissue protection in the face of physical injury.
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影响因子：
82.9
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