Ecosystem services for intensification of agriculture, with emphasis on increased nitrogen ecological use efficiency.
Ecosystem services for intensification of agriculture, with emphasis on increased nitrogen ecological use efficiency.
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DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.3028
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Calonego JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sena VGL;de Moura EG;Macedo VRA;Aguiar ACF;Price AH;Mooney SJ;Calonego JC
在风化的热带土壤中，养分利用效率低可能导致农业系统变得不可持续。因此，热带农业高度依赖生态系统服务，如养分循环和碳固存，以提高土壤肥力，增加养分吸收，促进农产品的可持续生产。本研究旨在通过评估豆科植物（Gliricidia）生物量提供的生态系统服务所引起的土壤变化，并评估这些变化（与钾相关）如何影响氮素利用效率和玉米产量，从而找到热带农业可持续性和盈利能力之间的平衡。进行了一项实验，测试了添加或不添加氮和/或钾的情况下，添加Glircidia生物质对裸露土壤的影响。土壤有机质，（SOM）盐基阳离子总和，土壤阻力，氮吸收，氮利用效率和玉米产量的变化进行了评估。当与N和K一起使用时，Gliricidia生物量有助于增加5.0 g/kg的SOM和1458的盐基阳离子的总和。在0-30 cm土层中为65 kg/ha。此外，与产量非常低的无生物量的处理相比，在具有Gliricidia的处理中，谷物产量增加约70%。在裸土中，1.5吨/公顷的额外产量不足以说服农民改变刀耕火种的传统裸土系统。我们的研究结果表明，豆科树木，如Gliricidia，可能有助于确保可持续的农业集约化在潮湿的热带土壤，自然肥力低，提供生态系统服务，如生物量生产，固碳，阳离子再循环，增加氮的收购。这些发现可能是一个重要的战略，以取代常见的刀耕火种系统和保护雨林对传统的轮垦系统。相比之下，传统的系统与裸露的土壤表明，增加氮是不可行的，主要是在高降雨量的降水条件。在这种情况下，只有在不使用生物质的情况下，钾的使用才能提高氮的利用效率。
In weathered tropical soil, low nutrient use efficiency can lead to agricultural systems becoming unsustainable. Therefore, tropical agriculture is highly dependent on ecosystem services, such as nutrient recycling and carbon sequestration, to enhance soil fertility, increase nutrient uptake, and facilitate sustainable production of agricultural goods. This research aimed to find the balance between sustainability and profitability of tropical agriculture by evaluating the changes in soil caused by the ecosystem services provided by the biomass of leguminous trees (Gliricidia) and assessing how these changes (associated with potassium) can affect nitrogen‐use efficiency and maize yield. An experiment was conducted testing the impact of Glircidia biomass addition vs. bare soil, with or without addition of both nitrogen and/or potassium. Changes in soil organic matter, (SOM) base cations sum, soil resistance, N uptake, N‐use efficiency, and maize yield were evaluated. Gliricidia biomass, when used with N and K, contributed to increasing SOM by 5.0 g/kg and the sum of base cations by 1458. 65 kg/ha in the 0–30 cm layer. Moreover, grain yield was increased by approximately 70% in the treatments with Gliricidia when compared to treatments without biomass where yield was very low. In bare soil, the additional yield of 1.5 tons/ha would not be enough to convince farmers to change slash and burn to conventional bare soil systems. Our results showed that leguminous trees, such as Gliricidia, might contribute to ensuring sustainable agricultural intensification in humid tropical soils with low natural fertility by providing ecosystem services such as biomass production, carbon sequestration, base cation recycling, and increased N acquisition. These findings might be an important strategy to replace the common slash‐and‐burn‐system and preserve the rainforest against the traditional shifting cultivation system. In contrast, the conventional system with bare soil showed that the addition of nitrogen was unfeasible, mainly in conditions of high rainfall precipitation. In these circumstances, the use of potassium may increase nitrogen‐use efficiency only when biomass is not used.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600030017x
发表时间：
1992-05-01
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通讯作者：
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10.1080/00103624.2012.639427
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
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