The AP-2 family of transcription factors.
The AP-2 family of transcription factors.
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DOI：
10.1186/gb-2005-6-13-246
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Schorle H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckert D;Buhl S;Weber S;Jäger R;Schorle H
AP-2转录因子参与胚胎发育过程中细胞类型特异性的增殖刺激和终末分化抑制。该家族的成员存在于哺乳动物（人类和小鼠中有五种不同的蛋白质），青蛙和鱼类，以及原脊索动物，昆虫和线虫中。在人类和小鼠中，AP-2家族的转录因子由五种不同的蛋白质组成：AP-2α、AP-2β、AP-2γ、AP-2δ和AP-2ε。青蛙和鱼有已知的一些但不是所有这些蛋白质的直系同源物，该家族的同源物也在原脊索动物，昆虫和线虫中发现。这些蛋白质在羧基末端具有特征性的螺旋-跨度-螺旋基序，其与中央碱性区域一起介导二聚化和DNA结合。氨基末端含有反式激活结构域。AP-2蛋白首先在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的原始外胚层中表达;在脊椎动物中，它们也在新生的神经嵴细胞中表达，并且AP-2α-/-动物在神经嵴衍生的面部结构中有损伤。AP-2β是肾脏发育所必需的，AP-2γ是植入后不久滋养外胚层细胞形成所必需的; AP-2α和AP-2γ在人乳腺癌和乳腺癌中水平升高。该家族的一般功能似乎是细胞类型特异性的增殖刺激和胚胎发育期间终末分化的抑制。
AP-2 transcription factors are involved in cell-type-specific stimulation of proliferation and the suppression of terminal differentiation during embryonic development. Members of the family are found in mammals (with five different proteins in human and mice), frogs and fish, as well as protochordates, insects and nematodes. The AP-2 family of transcription factors consists of five different proteins in humans and mice: AP-2α, AP-2β, AP-2γ, AP-2δ and AP-2ε. Frogs and fish have known orthologs of some but not all of these proteins, and homologs of the family are also found in protochordates, insects and nematodes. The proteins have a characteristic helix-span-helix motif at the carboxyl terminus, which, together with a central basic region, mediates dimerization and DNA binding. The amino terminus contains the transactivation domain. AP-2 proteins are first expressed in primitive ectoderm of invertebrates and vertebrates; in vertebrates, they are also expressed in the emerging neural-crest cells, and AP-2α-/- animals have impairments in neural-crest-derived facial structures. AP-2β is indispensable for kidney development and AP-2γ is necessary for the formation of trophectoderm cells shortly after implantation; AP-2α and AP-2γ levels are elevated in human mammary carcinoma and seminoma. The general functions of the family appear to be the cell-type-specific stimulation of proliferation and the suppression of terminal differentiation during embryonic development.
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DOI：
10.1186/bcr329
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
Breast cancer research : BCR
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hurst HC
通讯作者：
Hurst HC
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
DUAN, CM;CLEMMONS, DR
通讯作者：
CLEMMONS, DR
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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