Can meditation slow rate of cellular aging? Cognitive stress, mindfulness, and telomeres.
Can meditation slow rate of cellular aging? Cognitive stress, mindfulness, and telomeres.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04414.x
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Blackburn E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Epel E;Daubenmier J;Moskowitz JT;Folkman S;Blackburn E
了解细胞衰老的可塑性决定因素对于了解人类寿命至关重要。端粒可能为探索这一问题提供了一条途径。端粒是染色体末端的保护帽。端粒的长度提供了有丝分裂细胞和可能的生物体寿命的见解。端粒长度现在已经与慢性压力暴露和抑郁症有关。这就提出了一个问题：心理功能如何调节细胞衰老。我们考虑两个相互对立的心理过程或状态-威胁认知和正念-以及它们对细胞衰老的影响。心理压力认知，特别是对威胁的评估和沉思的想法，会导致长期的反应状态。相比之下，正念冥想技术似乎将认知评估从威胁转变为挑战，减少沉思思维，减少压力唤醒。正念也可以直接增加积极的唤醒状态。我们回顾了端粒长度与认知压力和压力唤醒的相关数据，并提出了将认知评价与端粒长度联系起来的新数据。鉴于迄今为止揭示的关联模式，我们提出，某些形式的冥想可能对端粒长度有有益的影响，通过减少认知压力和压力唤醒，增加积极的心态和激素因素，可能促进端粒的维持。这个模型的各个方面目前正在进行的正念冥想试验中进行测试。
Understanding the malleable determinants of cellular aging is critical to understanding human longevity. Telomeres may provide a pathway for exploring this question. Telomeres are the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes. The length of telomeres offers insight into mitotic cell and possibly organismal longevity. Telomere length has now been linked to chronic stress exposure and depression. This raises the question of how might cellular aging be modulated by psychological functioning. We consider two psychological processes or states that are in opposition to one another--threat cognition and mindfulness--and their effects on cellular aging. Psychological stress cognitions, particularly appraisals of threat and ruminative thoughts, can lead to prolonged states of reactivity. In contrast, mindfulness meditation techniques appear to shift cognitive appraisals from threat to challenge, decrease ruminative thought, and reduce stress arousal. Mindfulness may also directly increase positive arousal states. We review data linking telomere length to cognitive stress and stress arousal and present new data linking cognitive appraisal to telomere length. Given the pattern of associations revealed so far, we propose that some forms of meditation may have salutary effects on telomere length by reducing cognitive stress and stress arousal and increasing positive states of mind and hormonal factors that may promote telomere maintenance. Aspects of this model are currently being tested in ongoing trials of mindfulness meditation.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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