The biomedical securitization of global health.
The biomedical securitization of global health.
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全球卫生的生物医学证券化。
DOI：
10.1186/s12992-023-00915-y
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发表时间：
2023-03-04
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
van de Pas, Remco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holst, Jens;van de Pas, Remco
2019冠状病毒病爆发已将全球卫生辩论的方向进一步转向卫生安全和生物医学问题。尽管全球卫生已经在国际政策议程中发挥了越来越大的作用，但这一流行病极大地加强了媒体、公众和社区对跨界传染病的兴趣。这导致加强了对全球卫生已经占主导地位的生物医学理解，并使卫生在外交政策中得到保障。本文批判性地提供了一个叙述性的，迭代审查的卫生安全文献，到目前为止，特别关注的发展，目前流行的健康安全的概念和双重趋势的证券化和生物医学化的全球健康。在一个日益由权力不对称、机会和资源分配不平等以及治理结构不健全所决定的世界中，保障健康已成为全球治理的一个关键特征。健康保障主要基于一个概念，即忽视由非传染性疾病而不是传染性疾病决定的全球疾病负担。此外，它显示出一种采用生物医学解决办法的趋势，而忽视了全球卫生危机的根源。尽管健康安全很重要，但生物医学和技术官僚还原论驱动的基本概念福尔斯不够。它普遍忽视了健康的社会、经济、政治、商业和环境决定因素。除了改善保健和预防工作外，最终还需要制定将健康纳入所有人的政策，以确保健康保障，减少其主要挑战之一，即国家内部和国家之间的健康不平等。全球卫生安全必须首先寻求保障普遍的健康权，因此强调卫生的社会、经济、商业和政治决定。
The COVID-19 outbreak has shifted the course in the global health debate further towards health security and biomedical issues. Even though global health had already played a growing role in the international policy agenda, the pandemic strongly reinforced the interest of the media, the general public and the community in cross-border infectious diseases. This led to a strengthening of the already dominant biomedical understanding of global health and the securitization of health in foreign policy. This paper critically provides a narrative, iterative review of the health security literature available to date, with a special focus on the development of the currently prevailing concept of health security and the dual trend towards the securitization and biomedicalization of global health. In a world increasingly determined by power asymmetries, unequal distribution of opportunities and resources, and inadequate governance structures, securitizing health has become a key feature of global governance. Health security is predominantly based on a concept that neglects the global burden of disease determined by non-communicable conditions rather than by infectious diseases. Moreover, it exhibits a trend towards biomedical solutions and neglects root causes of global health crises. As important as health security is, the underlying concept driven by biomedical and technocratic reductionism falls short. It widely neglects the social, economic, political, commercial and environmental determination of health. Beyond improved health care and prevention, health-in-all policies are ultimately required for ensuring health security and reducing one of its main challenges, health inequalities within and between countries. Global health security must first and foremost seek to guarantee the universal right to health and therefore emphasise the social, economic, commercial and political determination of health.
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