Cortical recycling in high-level visual cortex during childhood development.
Cortical recycling in high-level visual cortex during childhood development.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41562-021-01141-5
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
29.9
通讯作者：
Grill-Spector K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nordt M;Gomez J;Natu VS;Rezai AA;Finzi D;Kular H;Grill-Spector K
人类颞叶腹侧皮质(VTC)包含类别选择性区域，优先对与生态相关的类别做出反应，如脸、身体、地点和词语，这些类别与这些类别的知觉有因果关系。这些地区在童年时期是如何发展的？我们使用功能磁共振来测量1-5岁以上学龄儿童类别选择性的纵向发展。我们发现，从幼年到十几岁，职训局的面孔和词语选择区域扩大并变得更具类别选择性，但肢体选择区域缩小并失去对肢体的偏好。关键的是，随着儿童的发展，面孔和词语选择性的增加与肢体选择性的降低直接相关，这表明在儿童时期，职教的肢体选择性被重新定位为词语和面孔的选择性。这些数据为儿童发育过程中的皮质循环提供了证据。这对理解典型的和非典型的大脑发育有重要的意义，并需要重新思考儿童时期皮质功能是如何发展的。
Human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) contains category-selective regions that respond preferentially to ecologically-relevant categories such as faces, bodies, places, and words, which are causally involved in the perception of these categories. How do these regions develop during childhood? We used functional MRI to measure longitudinal development of category-selectivity in school-age children over 1 to 5 years. We discovered that from young childhood to the teens, face- and word-selective regions in VTC expand and become more category-selective, but limb-selective regions shrink and lose their preference for limbs. Critically, as a child develops, increases in face- and word-selectivity are directly linked to decreases in limb-selectivity, revealing that during childhood limb-selectivity in VTC is repurposed into word- and face-selectivity. These data provide evidence for cortical recycling during childhood development. This has important implications for understanding typical as well as atypical brain development and necessitates a rethinking of how cortical function develops during childhood.
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