Dynamic evolution of endogenous retrovirus-derived genes expressed in bovine conceptuses during the period of placentation.
Dynamic evolution of endogenous retrovirus-derived genes expressed in bovine conceptuses during the period of placentation.
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DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evt007
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Imakawa K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakagawa S;Bai H;Sakurai T;Nakaya Y;Konno T;Miyazawa T;Gojobori T;Imakawa K
在哺乳动物的进化中，已知胎盘发育的一些必需基因是逆转录病毒来源的，因为源自内源性逆转录病毒（ERV）的包膜（env）基因的合胞素-1有助于人类胎盘的细胞融合。虽然胎盘在所有胎盘哺乳动物中具有相同的功能，但负责滋养层细胞融合和母体免疫耐受的env衍生基因在物种之间存在差异，并且在牛物种中大部分尚未确定。为了全面研究env衍生基因在牛胎盘发育中的作用，我们使用高通量测序仪测定了牛受孕期三个关键窗口期间的转录组学特征。将序列读数映射到牛基因组中，其中使用RetroTector©注释ERV候选基因（ERV衍生基因和env衍生基因分别为7，624和1，542）。映射读数显示，基因组中约18%（284个基因）的env衍生基因在胎盘形成期间表达，在检查的所有天数中均检测到约4%（63个基因）。我们通过聚合酶链反应验证了三个在滋养层细胞中表达的env衍生基因。在这三个基因中，发现具有最长开放阅读框的env衍生基因序列（命名为BERV-P env）在滋养层细胞系中显示出高表达水平，并且与在狗和猫中发现的合胞素-Car 1基因的序列相似，尽管它们的起源不同。这些结果表明，胎盘依赖于各种逆转录病毒衍生的基因，可能取代内源性的前辈在进化过程中。
In evolution of mammals, some of essential genes for placental development are known to be of retroviral origin, as syncytin-1 derived from an envelope (env) gene of an endogenous retrovirus (ERV) aids in the cell fusion of placenta in humans. Although the placenta serves the same function in all placental mammals, env-derived genes responsible for trophoblast cell fusion and maternal immune tolerance differ among species and remain largely unidentified in the bovine species. To examine env-derived genes playing a role in the bovine placental development comprehensively, we determined the transcriptomic profiles of bovine conceptuses during three crucial windows of implantation periods using a high-throughput sequencer. The sequence reads were mapped into the bovine genome, in which ERV candidates were annotated using RetroTector© (7,624 and 1,542 for ERV-derived and env-derived genes, respectively). The mapped reads showed that approximately 18% (284 genes) of env-derived genes in the genome were expressed during placenta formation, and approximately 4% (63 genes) were detected for all days examined. We verified three env-derived genes that are expressed in trophoblast cells by polymerase chain reaction. Out of these three, the sequence of env-derived gene with the longest open reading frame (named BERV-P env) was found to show high expression levels in trophoblast cell lines and to be similar to those of syncytin-Car1 genes found in dogs and cats, despite their disparate origins. These results suggest that placentation depends on various retrovirus-derived genes that could have replaced endogenous predecessors during evolution.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Heidmann O;Vernochet C;Dupressoir A;Heidmann T
通讯作者：
Heidmann T
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Goujon M;McWilliam H;Li W;Valentin F;Squizzato S;Paern J;Lopez R
通讯作者：
Lopez R
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Kaminuma E;Mashima J;Kodama Y;Gojobori T;Ogasawara O;Okubo K;Takagi T;Nakamura Y
通讯作者：
Nakamura Y
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Baba, Kenji;Nakaya, Yuki;Miyazawa, Takayuki
通讯作者：
Miyazawa, Takayuki
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Chang, C;Chen, PT;Chen, H
通讯作者：
Chen, H