Dynamic habitat corridors for marine predators; intensive use of a coastal channel by harbour seals is modulated by tidal currents.
Dynamic habitat corridors for marine predators; intensive use of a coastal channel by harbour seals is modulated by tidal currents.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00265-016-2219-7
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Thompson D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hastie GD;Russell DJ;Benjamins S;Moss S;Wilson B;Thompson D
先前的研究发现，捕食者利用栖息地走廊来伏击穿过其中的猎物。在海洋环境中，沿海河道实际上充当了猎物运动的栖息地走廊，在这些地区看到捕食者表明它们可能会以这些地区为目标进行觅食。与陆地系统不同，陆地系统的底层栖息地结构通常是静态的，而海洋系统的走廊由于潮汐过程产生的水运动而处于间歇性变化。尽管这些水文特征可能非常复杂，但其结构通常存在可预测的潜在循环潮汐模式。对于必须寻找往往是零散且分布广泛的猎物的海洋捕食者来说，海洋走廊潜在觅食机会的潜在时间可预测性可能是其利用的重要驱动因素。在这里，我们使用来自陆地的目击数据和带有高分辨率 GPS 遥测标记的 19 只斑海豹 (Phoca vitulina) 的数据来研究狭窄潮汐通道中海豹的时空分布模式。这些印章的分布呈现出引人注目的模式。所有海豹大部分时间都在通道最狭窄的地方度过。航道的使用也有独特的潮汐模式；涨潮时，水中海豹的数量达到顶峰，落潮时则达到最低。这种模式可能与猎物可用性和/或觅食效率有关，这些效率是由通过通道的水运动的潜在潮汐模式驱动的。为了最大限度地提高觅食效率，捕食者经常利用栖息地中狭窄的狭窄区域来拦截利用这些走廊移动的猎物。在海洋环境中，狭窄的通道可能充当走廊，捕食者的目击表明它们可能会以这些通道为目标进行觅食。尽管如此，关于个体捕食者如何使用这些区域的信息却很少。在这里，我们研究了斑海豹个体如何利用受强潮流影响的狭窄沿海航道；结果表明，在潮汐高峰期间，海豹大部分时间都在航道最狭窄的地方觅食。这凸显了狭窄通道对于海洋捕食者的重要性，并表明这种通常范围广泛的捕食者可能会限制其在通道中觅食的地理范围，因为通过狭窄通道的水流增加了猎物的可用性和/或觅食效率。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1007/s00265-016-2219-7) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Previous studies have found that predators utilise habitat corridors to ambush prey moving through them. In the marine environment, coastal channels effectively act as habitat corridors for prey movements, and sightings of predators in such areas suggest that they may target these for foraging. Unlike terrestrial systems where the underlying habitat structure is generally static, corridors in marine systems are in episodic flux due to water movements created by tidal processes. Although these hydrographic features can be highly complex, there is generally a predictable underlying cyclic tidal pattern to their structure. For marine predators that must find prey that is often patchy and widely distributed, the underlying temporal predictability in potential foraging opportunities in marine corridors may be important drivers in their use. Here, we used data from land-based sightings and 19 harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) tagged with high-resolution GPS telemetry to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of seals in a narrow tidal channel. These seals showed a striking pattern in their distribution; all seals spent a high proportion of their time around the narrowest point of the channel. There was also a distinctive tidal pattern in the use of the channel; sightings of seals in the water peaked during the flood tide and were at a minimum during the ebb tide. This pattern is likely to be related to prey availability and/or foraging efficiency driven by the underlying tidal pattern in the water movements through the channel. To maximise foraging efficiency, predators often make use of narrow constrictions in habitat to intercept prey using these corridors for movement. In the marine environment, narrow channels may act as corridors, and sightings of predators suggest that they may target these for foraging. Despite this, there is little information on how individual predators use such areas. Here, we investigate how individual harbour seals use a narrow coastal channel subject to strong tidal currents; results showed that seals spent the majority of their time at the narrowest point of the channel foraging during peak tidal currents. This highlights the importance of narrow channels for marine predators and suggests that this usually wide-ranging predator may restrict its geographic range to forage in the channel as a result of increased prey availability and/or foraging efficiency driven by water movements through the narrow corridor. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00265-016-2219-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Clark, JS
通讯作者：
Clark, JS
DOI：
10.1017/s002531540999155x
发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Cunningham, Louise;Baxter, John M.;Boyd, Ian L.
通讯作者：
Boyd, Ian L.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Kauffman, Matthew J.;Varley, Nathan;Boyce, Mark S.
通讯作者：
Boyce, Mark S.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Hamilton CD;Lydersen C;Ims RA;Kovacs KM
通讯作者：
Kovacs KM
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Kraus, C;Trillmich, F;Künkele, J
通讯作者：
Künkele, J