Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting.
Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0050568
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Brown KH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wessells KR;Brown KH
充足的锌营养对足够的生长、免疫能力和神经行为发育至关重要，但关于人口锌状况的有限信息阻碍了控制锌缺乏的干预措施的扩大。目前的分析是为了：(1)估计锌摄入量不足的国家具体患病率；(2)调查膳食锌不足的具体国家估计患病率与饮食模式和发育迟缓患病率之间的关系。国家粮食资产负债表数据来自联合国粮食及农业组织。根据国家食品供应中估计的可吸收锌含量，国际锌营养咨询小组估计的可吸收锌的生理需求，以及从联合国估计中获得的人口统计数据，计算出具体国家锌摄入不足的估计流行率。发育迟缓数据是根据世界卫生组织生长标准最近进行的系统分析得出的。据估计，全球17.3%的人口面临锌摄入不足的风险。具体国家估计的锌摄入不足患病率与国家食品供应的总能量和锌含量以及从动物源食品中获得的锌的百分比呈负相关，与食品供应的植酸盐：锌的摩尔比呈正相关。估计锌摄入量不足的流行率与5岁以下儿童发育迟缓（低于年龄身高）的流行率相关（r = 0.48， P<0.001）。这些结果表明，饮食中锌摄入量不足可能相当普遍，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲和南亚，因此可以对锌缺乏作为公共卫生问题的相对可能性进行国家间比较。来自这些分析的数据应用于确定对人口锌状况进行直接生化和饮食评估的必要性，作为针对估计处于高风险国家的具有全国代表性的营养调查的一部分。
Adequate zinc nutrition is essential for adequate growth, immunocompetence and neurobehavioral development, but limited information on population zinc status hinders the expansion of interventions to control zinc deficiency. The present analyses were conducted to: (1) estimate the country-specific prevalence of inadequate zinc intake; and (2) investigate relationships between country-specific estimated prevalence of dietary zinc inadequacy and dietary patterns and stunting prevalence. National food balance sheet data were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Country-specific estimated prevalence of inadequate zinc intake were calculated based on the estimated absorbable zinc content of the national food supply, International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group estimated physiological requirements for absorbed zinc, and demographic data obtained from United Nations estimates. Stunting data were obtained from a recent systematic analysis based on World Health Organization growth standards. An estimated 17.3% of the world’s population is at risk of inadequate zinc intake. Country-specific estimated prevalence of inadequate zinc intake was negatively correlated with the total energy and zinc contents of the national food supply and the percent of zinc obtained from animal source foods, and positively correlated with the phytate: zinc molar ratio of the food supply. The estimated prevalence of inadequate zinc intake was correlated with the prevalence of stunting (low height-for-age) in children under five years of age (r = 0.48, P<0.001). These results, which indicate that inadequate dietary zinc intake may be fairly common, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, allow inter-country comparisons regarding the relative likelihood of zinc deficiency as a public health problem. Data from these analyses should be used to determine the need for direct biochemical and dietary assessments of population zinc status, as part of nationally representative nutritional surveys targeting countries estimated to be at high risk.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
Murray, Chnstopher J. L.
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作者：
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