Synthesizing the effects of mental simulation on behavior change: Systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
Synthesizing the effects of mental simulation on behavior change: Systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13423-021-01880-6
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Armitage CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole SN;Smith DM;Ragan K;Suurmond R;Armitage CJ
对未来情景的心理模拟被假设会影响未来的行为，但大量不一致的文献表明，心理模拟是否以及在什么条件下可以改变人们的行为还不清楚。本研究采用元分析的方法，综合心理模拟对行为的影响，并考察心理模拟在什么条件下效果最好。一个包容性的系统数据库检索确定了123（N = 5，685）的效果大小比较心理模拟与对照组。在应用多水平随机效应模型后，发现Hedges g = 0.49，95%CI [0.37; 0.62]的治疗学可靠的正效应，其与零显著不同。使用分类法来识别心理模拟的不同子类型（沿着两个维度，类别[过程，性能，结果]和目的[是否模拟该行为的低级，标准，上级版本]），发现上级模拟比低级模拟获得更可靠的有益效果。这些发现对于整合心理模拟如何改变行为的理论，心理模拟如何分类，并可能有助于指导专业人士寻求基于证据和成本效益的改变行为的方法。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.3758/s13423-021-01880-6获得。
Mental simulation of future scenarios is hypothesized to affect future behavior, but a large and inconsistent literature means it is unclear whether, and under what conditions, mental simulation can change people’s behavior. A meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the effects of mental simulation on behavior and examine under what conditions mental simulation works best. An inclusive systematic database search identified 123 (N = 5,685) effect sizes comparing mental simulation to a control group. After applying a multilevel random effects model, a statistically-reliable positive effect of Hedges’ g = 0.49, 95% CI [0.37; 0.62] was found, which was significantly different than zero. Using a taxonomy to identify different subtypes of mental simulation (along two dimensions, class [process, performance, outcome] and purpose [whether an inferior, standard, superior version of that behavior is simulated]), it was found that superior simulations garnered more reliable beneficial effects than inferior simulations. These findings have implications for integrating theories of how mental simulations change behavior, how mental simulations are classified, and may help guide professionals seeking evidence-based and cost-effective methods of changing behavior. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.3758/s13423-021-01880-6.
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