Molecular systematics of new world gopher, bull, and pinesnakes (Pituophis: Colubridae), a transcontinental species complex.
Molecular systematics of new world gopher, bull, and pinesnakes (Pituophis: Colubridae), a transcontinental species complex.
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新世界地鼠、公牛和松蛇（Pituophis：蛇蛇科）（跨大陆物种复合体）的分子系统学。
DOI：
10.1006/mpev.1999.0698
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
DeJesus-Escobar,JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodriguez-Robles,JA;DeJesus-Escobar,JM
Pituophis melanoleucus（地鼠，公牛和松蛇）是北美分布最广泛的多型物种复合体之一，大多数作者从一个单一的跨大陆物种（melanoleucus复合体，由15个亚种组成）到四个（单型和多型）物种。我们使用线粒体基因序列从两个中美洲物种，P. deppei和P. lineaticollis，从13个亚种的范围内的大部分的melanoleucus复杂的测试各种系统发育假说Pituophis。最大简约法和最大似然法确定了相同的主要分支内Pituophis，并表示，两个部分的melanoleucus复杂的，lodingi-melanoleucus-mugitus东部pinesnake分支和affinis-annectens-bimenchi-catenifer-deserticola-sayi-pestiveni-vertebralis分支从美国中部和西部和北方墨西哥，代表发散，异域血统，没有已知的过渡区。我们认为这两个群体中的每一个都是不同的物种。我们的数据还表明，一些阿维尼翁比其他阿维尼翁更接近萨依。尽管如此，通过形态特征的组合，可以从其最近的亲缘关系中诊断出Bisveni是一个异地分类群，并且因为这些特征中至少有一些可能是独立的和遗传的，我们将其解释为Bisveni已经获得独立进化谱系地位的证据，尽管它与Sayi保持了很强的遗传亲缘关系。一些分类学家认为，下加利福尼亚州特有的地鼠蛇（bimaris和vertebralis）是一个不同的物种，P. vertebralis，但我们发现这些蛇属于两个不同的分支，因此我们不同意目前定义的P. vertebralis。总之，我们认为，三个不同的物种，包括在melanoleucus复合体，Pituophis melanoleucus（狭义），P. catenifer，和P. P. P. Besaveni，他们的识别更好地代表了这个物种复合体内的进化多样性。
Pituophis melanoleucus (gopher, bull, and pinesnakes) is among the most widely distributed polytypic species complexes in North America, with most authors recognizing from a single transcontinental species (the melanoleucus complex, composed of 15 subspecies) to four (monotypic and polytypic) species. We used mitochondrial gene sequences from the two middle American species, P. deppei and P. lineaticollis, and from 13 subspecies from most of the range of the melanoleucus complex to test various phylogenetic hypotheses for Pituophis. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods identified the same major clades within Pituophis and indicated that two segments of the melanoleucus complex, the lodingi–melanoleucus–mugitus eastern pinesnake clade and the affinis–annectens–bimaris–catenifer–deserticola–sayi–ruthveni–vertebralis clade from central and western United States and northern Mexico, represent divergent, allopatric lineages with no known intergradation zone. We recognize each of these two groupings as a different species. Our data also indicate that some ruthveni are more closely related to sayi than to other ruthveni. Nonetheless, ruthveni is an allopatric taxon diagnosable from its closest relatives by a combination of morphometric characters, and because it is likely that at least some of these traits are independent and genetically inherited, we interpret this as evidence that ruthveni has attained the status of independent evolutionary lineage, despite the fact that it retains strong genetic affinities with sayi. The endemic Baja Californian gopher snakes (bimaris and vertebralis) are considered by some taxonomists as a different species, P. vertebralis, but we discovered that these serpents belong to two different clades and hence we do not agree with the recognition of P. vertebralis as presently defined. In summary, we believe that three distinct species are included in the melanoleucus complex, Pituophis melanoleucus (sensu stricto), P. catenifer, and P. ruthveni, and that their recognition better represents the evolutionary diversity within this species complex.
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美国西部 Pituophis 属地鼠蛇的分类和分布范围。
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
L. M. Klauber
通讯作者：
L. M. Klauber
新世界爬行动物的产仔数和产仔数的变化
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
H. Fitch
通讯作者：
H. Fitch
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
TEMPLETON, AR
通讯作者：
TEMPLETON, AR
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
J. Rodríguez-Robles;José M De Jesús-Escobar
通讯作者：
J. Rodríguez-Robles;José M De Jesús-Escobar
西部爬行动物和两栖动物野外指南：北美西部（包括下加利福尼亚州）所有物种的野外标记
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Robert C. Stebbins
通讯作者：
Robert C. Stebbins