A powerful toolkit for synthetic biology: Over 3.8 billion years of evolution
A powerful toolkit for synthetic biology: Over 3.8 billion years of evolution
复制标题
合成生物学的强大工具包：超过 38 亿年的进化
作者：
L. Rothschild
进化与工程原理的结合将增强合成生物学。相反，合成生物学有可能通过解释为什么地球或其他地方的一些适应空间是空的来丰富进化生物学。合成生物学，人工生物系统的设计和构建，取代生物工程的进化，这被视为一个障碍。但是，由于进化产生了生命的复杂性和多样性，它为合成生物学提供了一个经过验证的遗传材料和原理工具包。进化是在种群水平上进行的，种群由作为历史实体的独特个体组成。遗传新奇的来源包括突变、基因调控、性别、共生和种间基因转移。在表型水平上，变异来自调控、复制和成分多样化、区室化、性选择和物种形成等。变化受到物理约束如扩散和化学约束如反应速率和膜流动性的限制。虽然这些进化工具中的一些目前正在合成生物学中使用，但所有这些工具都应该进行实用性检查。提出了一种合成生物学与进化微调相结合的混合方法。
The combination of evolutionary with engineering principles will enhance synthetic biology. Conversely, synthetic biology has the potential to enrich evolutionary biology by explaining why some adaptive space is empty, on Earth or elsewhere. Synthetic biology, the design and construction of artificial biological systems, substitutes bio‐engineering for evolution, which is seen as an obstacle. But because evolution has produced the complexity and diversity of life, it provides a proven toolkit of genetic materials and principles available to synthetic biology. Evolution operates on the population level, with the populations composed of unique individuals that are historical entities. The source of genetic novelty includes mutation, gene regulation, sex, symbiosis, and interspecies gene transfer. At a phenotypic level, variation derives from regulatory control, replication and diversification of components, compartmentalization, sexual selection and speciation, among others. Variation is limited by physical constraints such as diffusion, and chemical constraints such as reaction rates and membrane fluidity. While some of these tools of evolution are currently in use in synthetic biology, all ought to be examined for utility. A hybrid approach of synthetic biology coupled with fine‐tuning through evolution is suggested.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.13.6960
发表时间：
2000-06-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Palmer, JD;Adams, KL;Song, KM
通讯作者：
Song, KM
影响因子：
10.8
作者：
McCarthy, JR;Perez, JM;Weissleder, R
通讯作者：
Weissleder, R
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Lynch, M;Conery, JS
通讯作者：
Conery, JS
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0408302101
发表时间：
2004-12-21
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cho, Y;Mower, JP;Palmer, JD
通讯作者：
Palmer, JD
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Saks, ME;Sampson, JR;Abelson, J
通讯作者：
Abelson, J