Resilience at the Transition to Agriculture: The Long-Term Landscape and Resource Development at the Aceramic Neolithic Tell Site of Chogha Golan (Iran)

Resilience at the Transition to Agriculture: The Long-Term Landscape and Resource Development at the Aceramic Neolithic Tell Site of Chogha Golan (Iran)
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向农业转型的恢复力:乔加戈兰新石器时代陶器遗址的长期景观和资源开发(伊朗)

DOI:
10.1155/2015/532481
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Conard
Conard
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Asouti;Karakaya;Starkovich;Conard

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近东地区从采集和种植野生物种到使用驯化动物的发展缓慢的证据来自许多占据地层较短的旧石器时代和新石器时代的陶瓷遗址,但这些证据无法解释新月沃地农业长期发展的原因。 乔加戈兰长地层序列中的植物和动物遗骸表明了当地环境条件和生存实践的变化,这些变化是通往新兴农业的特定地点路径的特征。 我们的多学科方法展示了数百年的长期生存策略,以野生谷物和豆类为生,并在相对有利和稳定的环境条件下狩猎各种动物物种。大约10.200calBP之后资源可用性的波动可能是由小范围的气候波动引起的。资源的暂时枯竭是通过转向其他物种来解决的,这需要进行微小的技术变革才能获得这些资源,并通过强化大麦种植以接近其驯化。大约200年后,二粒小麦的驯化现象明显,伴随着牛在饮食中的贡献更高,这表明资源管理的长期强化。
The evidence for the slow development from gathering and cultivation of wild species to the use of domesticates in the Near East, deriving from a number of Epipalaeolithic and aceramic Neolithic sites with short occupational stratigraphies, cannot explain the reasons for the protracted development of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent. The botanical and faunal remains from the long stratigraphic sequence of Chogha Golan, indicate local changes in environmental conditions and subsistence practices that characterize a site‐specific pathway into emerging agriculture. Our multidisciplinary approach demonstrates a long‐term subsistence strategy of several hundred years on wild cereals and pulses as well as on hunting a variety of faunal species that were based on relatively favorable and stable environmental conditions. Fluctuations in the availability of resources after around 10.200 cal BP may have been caused by small‐scale climatic fluctuations. The temporary depletion of resources was managed through a shift to other species which required minor technological changes to make these resources accessible and by intensification of barley cultivation which approached its domestication. After roughly 200 years, emmer domestication is apparent, accompanied by higher contribution of cattle in the diet, suggesting long‐term intensification of resource management.
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