Breaking the prejudice habit: Mechanisms, timecourse, and longevity.
Breaking the prejudice habit: Mechanisms, timecourse, and longevity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2017.04.009
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Devine PG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forscher PS;Mitamura C;Dix EL;Cox WTL;Devine PG
打破偏见习惯的干预措施及其分支(例如，Carnes等人，2012年)在长期改变与群体间偏见相关的关键结果方面显示出了希望，包括提高认识、对歧视的担忧，以及在一项研究中，内隐偏见的长期减少。这种干预的前提是，无意的偏见就像一种习惯，只要有足够的动机、意识和努力就可以打破。我们在一个超过原来三倍大小的样本(N=292)中进行了最初的戒除习惯干预实验的复制。我们还每隔一天测量一次所有结果，持续14天，并测量干预效果的潜在机制。与之前的结果一致，打破习惯的干预产生了干预后两周持续的担忧的变化。这些影响与对他人偏见的敏感度增加以及给偏见贴上错误标签的倾向增加有关。与原始工作相比，控制者和干预者的内隐偏见都有所减少，在研究的第二周，打破习惯的干预对意识的影响也有所下降。在两年后招募的一个亚样本中，干预参与者比对照组参与者更有可能在公共在线论坛上反对一篇支持种族刻板印象的文章。我们的结果表明，打破习惯的干预在人们对种族相关问题的知识和信念方面产生了持久的变化，我们认为，这些变化对于促进长期行为变化甚至比内隐偏见的变化更重要。
The prejudice habit-breaking intervention and its offshoots (e.g., Carnes et al., 2012) have shown promise in effecting long-term change in key outcomes related to intergroup bias, including increases in awareness, concern about discrimination, and, in one study, long-term decreases in implicit bias. This intervention is based on the premise that unintentional bias is like a habit that can be broken with sufficient motivation, awareness, and effort. We conducted replication of the original habit-breaking intervention experiment in a sample more than three times the size of the original (N = 292). We also measured all outcomes every other day for 14 days and measured potential mechanisms for the intervention’s effects. Consistent with previous results, the habit-breaking intervention produced a change in concern that endured two weeks post-intervention. These effects were associated with increased sensitivity to the biases of others and an increased tendency to label biases as wrong. Contrasting with the original work, both control and intervention participants decreased in implicit bias, and the effects of the habit-breaking intervention on awareness declined in the second week of the study. In a subsample recruited two years later, intervention participants were more likely than control participants to object on a public online forum to an essay endorsing racial stereotyping. Our results suggest that the habit-breaking intervention produces enduring changes in peoples’ knowledge of and beliefs about race-related issues, and we argue that these changes are even more important for promoting long-term behavioral change than are changes in implicit bias.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Greenwald, AG;Nosek, BA;Banaji, MR
通讯作者：
Banaji, MR
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Greenwald, AG;McGhee, DE;Schwartz, JLK
通讯作者：
Schwartz, JLK
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Lai, Calvin K.;Marini, Maddalena;Nosek, Brian A.
通讯作者：
Nosek, Brian A.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Blair, IV;Ma, JE;Lenton, AP
通讯作者：
Lenton, AP
DOI：
10.1037/h0056957
发表时间：
1954-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
JANIS, IL;KING, BT
通讯作者：
KING, BT