What determines the duration of war? Insights from assessment strategies in animal contests.
What determines the duration of war? Insights from assessment strategies in animal contests.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0108491
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Briffa M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Briffa M
州际战争和动物竞赛都涉及有争议的资源，克制和放弃的决定。在这两种情况下，如果弱势一方最终会输，那么它坚持冲突似乎是不合逻辑的。在动物比赛的情况下，对手的力量和比赛持续时间之间的联系的分析提供了什么样的信息来源是可用的战斗动物的见解。我概述了在动物竞赛中的信息使用理论，并描述了一个统计框架，该框架已被用来区分两种策略，个人使用决定是否坚持或退出。然后我将这个框架应用于国家间战争的分析。战争的持续时间随着胜利者和失败者的力量而增加。这些模式并不支持战争是在相互评估能力的基础上解决的观点，而是表明解决是以消耗为基础的。与大多数动物竞赛不同的是，战争的持续时间既与胜利方的力量密切相关，也与失败方的力量密切相关。总的来说，这项分析突出了动物竞赛和州际战争之间的一些相似之处，表明两者都可以使用类似的概念框架进行研究。
Interstate wars and animal contests both involve disputed resources, restraint and giving up decisions. In both cases it seems illogical for the weaker side to persist in the conflict if it will eventually lose. In the case of animal contests analyses of the links between opponent power and contest duration have provided insights into what sources of information are available to fighting animals. I outline the theory of information use during animal contests and describe a statistical framework that has been used to distinguish between two strategies that individuals use to decide whether to persist or quit. I then apply this framework to the analysis of interstate wars. War duration increases with the power of winners and losers. These patterns provide no support for the idea that wars are settled on the basis of mutual assessment of capabilities but indicate that settlement is based on attrition. In contrast to most animal contests, war duration is as closely linked to the power of the winning side as to that of the losing side. Overall, this analysis highlights a number of similarities between animal contests and interstate war, indicating that both could be investigated using similar conceptual frameworks.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Batchelor, Tim P.;Santini, Giacomo;Briffa, Mark
通讯作者：
Briffa, Mark
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2011.0062
发表时间：
2011-11-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Batchelor, Tim P.;Briffa, Mark
通讯作者：
Briffa, Mark
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Bennett, DS;Stam, AC
通讯作者：
Stam, AC
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Briffa, M
通讯作者：
Briffa, M
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
DOWDS, BM;ELWOOD, RW
通讯作者：
ELWOOD, RW