Surprise-induced enhancements in the associability of Pavlovian cues facilitate learning across behavior systems.
Surprise-induced enhancements in the associability of Pavlovian cues facilitate learning across behavior systems.
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DOI：
10.1037/bne0000505
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Esber, Guillem R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marquez, Inmaculada;Loewinger, Gabriel;Pedro Vargas, Juan;Carlos Lopez, Juan;Diaz, Estrella;Esber, Guillem R.
人们早就知道，出乎意料地违反结果预期会增强巴甫洛夫线索的关联性，也就是说，线索进入进一步关联的速度。这种改进的适应价值在于在不确定的情况下促进新的学习。然而，目前尚不清楚联想性增强是否反映了特定行为系统内联想可塑性的增强，或者它们是否可以促进线索和任何任意结果之间的学习，正如注意力条件反射模型所建议的那样。在这里，我们展示了与后一种假设一致的证据。在食欲环境（进食行为系统）中，违反由线索产生的结果预期有助于随后在厌恶环境（防御行为系统）中学习线索。除了揭示联想增强的本质之外，我们的研究结果还为神经科学家提供了一种行为工具，可以将他们的神经基质与其他行为系统或价特异性变化的神经基质分离开来。此外，我们的研究结果提供了一个机会，利用联想增强的优势，在治疗环境中的反调节程序。
Surprising violations of outcome expectancies have long been known to enhance the associability of Pavlovian cues; that is, the rate at which the cue enters into further associations. The adaptive value of such enhancements resides in promoting new learning in the face of uncertainty. However, it is unclear whether associability enhancements reflect increased associative plasticity within a particular behavior system, or whether they can facilitate learning between a cue and any arbitrary outcome, as suggested by attentional models of conditioning. Here, we show evidence consistent with the latter hypothesis. Violating the outcome expectancies generated by a cue in an appetitive setting (feeding behavior system) facilitated subsequent learning about the cue in an aversive setting (defense behavior system). In addition to shedding light on the nature of associability enhancements, our findings offer the neuroscientist a behavioral tool to dissociate their neural substrates from those of other, behavior system- or valence-specific changes. Moreover, our results present an opportunity to utilize associability enhancements to the advantage of counterconditioning procedures in therapeutic contexts.
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