Necrosensor: a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for visualizing necrosis in Drosophila.
Necrosensor: a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for visualizing necrosis in Drosophila.
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历史上，坏死被认为是一种被动过程，由极端应力或损伤引起。然而，最近的发现，坏死性凋亡，程序性坏死的形式，揭示了新的光坏死。在体内可靠地检测坏死一直具有挑战性，部分原因是缺乏检测坏死的遗传编码传感器。这与许多基因编码的细胞凋亡生物传感器的可用性形成鲜明对比。在这里，我们开发了Necrosensor，一种基因编码的荧光传感器，通过利用HMGB1检测果蝇中的坏死，HMGB1作为损伤相关分子模式（DAMP）从细胞核中释放。我们证明，Necrosensor是能够检测在活的和固定的条件下，在多个组织中的各种应力引起的坏死。Necrosensor还检测睾丸中精子发生期间发生的生理性坏死。使用Necrosensor，我们发现了以前未确定的，生理性坏死的血细胞祖细胞在造血淋巴腺的发展幼虫。这项工作提供了一种新的转基因系统，使体内检测坏死在真实的时间没有任何干预。摘要：本文描述了一种新的基因编码的果蝇坏死传感器的发展。
Historically, necrosis has been considered a passive process, which is induced by extreme stress or damage. However, recent findings of necroptosis, a programmed form of necrosis, shed a new light on necrosis. It has been challenging to detect necrosis reliably in vivo, partly due to the lack of genetically encoded sensors to detect necrosis. This is in stark contrast with the availability of many genetically encoded biosensors for apoptosis. Here we developed Necrosensor, a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor that detects necrosis in Drosophila, by utilizing HMGB1, which is released from the nucleus as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). We demonstrate that Necrosensor is able to detect necrosis induced by various stresses in multiple tissues in both live and fixed conditions. Necrosensor also detects physiological necrosis that occurs during spermatogenesis in the testis. Using Necrosensor, we discovered previously unidentified, physiological necrosis of hemocyte progenitors in the hematopoietic lymph gland of developing larvae. This work provides a new transgenic system that enables in vivo detection of necrosis in real time without any intervention. Summary: This paper describes the development of a new genetically encoded necrosis sensor in Drosophila.
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