Determination of tobacco smoke exposure by plasma cotinine levels in infants and children attending urban public hospital clinics.
Determination of tobacco smoke exposure by plasma cotinine levels in infants and children attending urban public hospital clinics.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.170
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benowitz, Neal L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dempsey, Delia A.;Meyers, Matthew J.;Oh, Sam S.;Nguyen, Elizabeth A.;Fuentes-Afflick, Elena;Wu, Alan H. B.;Jacob, Peyton, III;Benowitz, Neal L.
确定在与一所城市公立医院相关的儿科预防保健诊所接受预防保健的婴幼儿中二手烟暴露的流行率。可替宁是尼古丁的一种代谢物，已被用于对3岁及以上儿童进行基于人群的二手烟暴露研究。
采用便利样本的回顾性研究。
加利福尼亚州旧金山的市区县儿科初级保健诊所。
共496名婴幼儿（平均[标准差]年龄为2.4[1.9]岁）。
对废弃的血浆样本（常规收集用于铅筛查）进行检测，并查阅病历以了解二手烟暴露情况。
根据血浆可替宁水平和病历中的暴露史确定二手烟暴露情况。
13%的家长报告其孩子暴露于二手烟，但生化检测在55%的样本中检测到可替宁，几何平均值（标准差）为0.23（3.55）纳克/毫升。性别和年龄无显著差异。非裔美国儿童的平均可替宁水平远高于拉丁裔儿童（几何平均差值为6.07纳克/毫升[95%置信区间，4.37 - 8.43纳克/毫升]）。
在一个吸烟率低（12%）且有公共场所禁烟令的城市，我们利用一种血浆生物标志物记录到婴幼儿中有55%暴露于二手烟，而家长报告的暴露率为13%。由于二手烟与严重的呼吸系统疾病相关，且家长少报暴露情况，应考虑将常规生化筛查作为一种识别和减少二手烟暴露的工具。
To determine the prevalence of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among infants and young children who received preventive care at pediatric preventative care clinics associated with an urban public hospital. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, has been used to study SHS exposure in population-based studies of children 3 years of age or older. Retrospective study using a convenience sample. Urban county pediatric primary care clinics in San Francisco, California. A total of 496 infants and children (mean [SD] age, 2.4 [1.9] years). Discarded plasma samples (which were routinely collected for lead screening) were tested, and medical records were reviewed, for SHS exposure. Secondhand smoke exposure based on cotinine plasma level and history of exposure in the medical record. Thirteen percent of parents reported that their child was exposed to SHS, yet biochemical testing detected cotinine in 55% of samples, at a geometric mean (SD) of 0.23 (3.55) ng/mL. There were no significant sex or age differences. African American children had much higher mean cotinine levels than did Latino children (geometric mean difference, 6.07 ng/mL [95% CI, 4.37 to 8.43 ng/mL]). In a city with a low smoking rate (12%) and public smoking bans, we documented 55% exposure among infants and young children, using a plasma biomarker, compared with 13% exposure reported by parents. Because SHS is associated with significant respiratory diseases and parents underreport exposure, routine biochemical screening should be considered as a tool to identify and reduce SHS exposure.
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DOI：
10.1093/jnci/94.2.108
发表时间：
2002-01-16
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Benowitz, NL;Pérez-Stable, EJ;Jacob, P
通讯作者：
Jacob, P
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Dempsey, D;Tutka, P;Benowitz, NL
通讯作者：
Benowitz, NL
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Pérez-Stable, EJ;Herrera, B;Benowitz, NL
通讯作者：
Benowitz, NL
影响因子：
5
作者：
Benowitz, Neal L.;Schultz, Katherine E.;Jacob, Peyton, III
通讯作者：
Jacob, Peyton, III
影响因子：
8
作者：
Dove, Melanie S.;Dockery, Douglas W.;Connolly, Gregory N.
通讯作者：
Connolly, Gregory N.