The germinal centre B cell response to SARS-CoV-2.

The germinal centre B cell response to SARS-CoV-2.
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生发中心B细胞对SARS-COV-2的反应。

DOI:
10.1038/s41577-021-00657-1
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发表时间:
2022-01
期刊:
Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ellebedy AH
Ellebedy AH
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Laidlaw BJ;Ellebedy AH

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生发中心(GC)的反应对于亲和力成熟的浆细胞和能够调节长期保护性免疫的记忆B细胞的产生至关重要。了解严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染或疫苗接种是否会引起GC反应,对于反应B细胞有助于预防感染的能力具有深远的影响。然而,对人类GC反应的直接评估仍然是一个重大挑战。在这里,我们总结了GC反应在建立对SARS-CoV-2持久而广泛的免疫中的重要性的新证据,并讨论了调节GC反应的新方法,以更好地预防新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种。我们还讨论了新的发现,显示在一些人接种基于SARS-CoV-2mRNA的疫苗后,GC-B细胞反应在引流淋巴结中持续至少6个月。在这篇综述中,Brian Laidlaw和Ali Ellebedy概述了我们目前对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染的生发中心反应及其对建立针对病毒的保护性免疫的重要性的理解。他们还考虑了疫苗接种后出现的生发中心反应,以及生发中心反应如何被调节以诱导对SARS-CoV-2新变种的广泛保护。
The germinal centre (GC) response is critical for the generation of affinity-matured plasma cells and memory B cells capable of mediating long-term protective immunity. Understanding whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or vaccination elicits a GC response has profound implications for the capacity of responding B cells to contribute to protection against infection. However, direct assessment of the GC response in humans remains a major challenge. Here we summarize emerging evidence for the importance of the GC response in the establishment of durable and broad immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and discuss new approaches to modulate the GC response to better protect against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. We also discuss new findings showing that the GC B cell response persists in the draining lymph nodes for at least 6 months in some individuals following vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines. In this Review, Brian Laidlaw and Ali Ellebedy outline our current understanding of the germinal centre response in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its importance for establishing protective immunity against the virus. They also consider the germinal centre responses seen following vaccination and how germinal centre responses may be modulated to induce broad protection against new variants of SARS-CoV-2.
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