Infrared neural stimulation in the cochlea.

Infrared neural stimulation in the cochlea.
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DOI:
10.1117/12.2010337
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发表时间:
2013-03-08
期刊:
Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bendett M
Bendett M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Richter CP;Rajguru S;Bendett M

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在过去的十年中,光子学在操纵和刺激神经元以及研究神经网络方面的应用获得了长足的发展。常用的两种方法是:在神经元质膜中表达光或温度敏感的离子通道(光遗传学和热遗传学)和使用红外辐射直接刺激神经元(红外神经刺激,INS)。这两种方法都有各自的优势和挑战,通过对光组织相互作用的深刻理解,我们可以很好地理解它们。本文比较了几种方法在人工耳蜗中的应用机会。关于用INS刺激耳蜗,已有充足的数据。数据表明,这种刺激是有选择性的、可行的,其速度足以对声学信息进行编码,并且可能比传统的脉冲电刺激更有益。第三种方法,在应力约束下使用激光产生压力波并机械地刺激功能性耳蜗,也将被讨论。
The application of photonics to manipulate and stimulate neurons and to study neural networks has gained momentum over the last decade. Two general methods have been used: the genetic expression of light or temperature sensitive ion channels in the plasma membrane of neurons (Optogenetics and Thermogenetics) and the direct stimulation of neurons using infrared radiation (Infrared Neural Stimulation, INS). Both approaches have their strengths and challenges, which are well understood with a profound understanding of the light tissue interaction(s). This paper compares the opportunities of the methods for the use in cochlear prostheses. Ample data are already available on the stimulation of the cochlea with INS. The data show that the stimulation is selective, feasible at rates that would be sufficient to encode acoustic information and may be beneficial over conventional pulsed electrical stimulation. A third approach, using lasers in stress confinement to generate pressure waves and to stimulate the functional cochlea mechanically will also be discussed.
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