Cultural stereotypes as gatekeepers: increasing girls' interest in computer science and engineering by diversifying stereotypes.
Cultural stereotypes as gatekeepers: increasing girls' interest in computer science and engineering by diversifying stereotypes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00049
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Meltzoff AN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheryan S;Master A;Meltzoff AN
尽管在许多传统上以男性为主的领域（例如生物学，化学）侵犯了妇女，但在计算机科学和工程学中，妇女的代表性不足。涉及的工作以及该领域的价值观 - 远离选择进入计算机科学和工程的女孩。这些刻板印象与男性在美国文化中通常更有价值的品质刻板印象 - 扩大从事这项工作的人们的代表，工作本身以及发生的环境，可以显着提高女孩对守门员的归属感和兴趣。某些领域并限制他们的学习机会和职业愿望。
Despite having made significant inroads into many traditionally male-dominated fields (e.g., biology, chemistry), women continue to be underrepresented in computer science and engineering. We propose that students’ stereotypes about the culture of these fields—including the kind of people, the work involved, and the values of the field—steer girls away from choosing to enter them. Computer science and engineering are stereotyped in modern American culture as male-oriented fields that involve social isolation, an intense focus on machinery, and inborn brilliance. These stereotypes are compatible with qualities that are typically more valued in men than women in American culture. As a result, when computer science and engineering stereotypes are salient, girls report less interest in these fields than their male peers. However, altering these stereotypes—by broadening the representation of the people who do this work, the work itself, and the environments in which it occurs—significantly increases girls’ sense of belonging and interest in the field. Academic stereotypes thus serve as gatekeepers, driving girls away from certain fields and constraining their learning opportunities and career aspirations.
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DOI：
10.1037/h0057880
发表时间：
1954-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
HASTORF, AH;CANTRIL, H
通讯作者：
CANTRIL, H
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Cheryan, Sapna;Plaut, Victoria C.;Hudson, Lauren
通讯作者：
Hudson, Lauren
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
ECCLES, JS;JACOBS, JE;HAROLD, RD
通讯作者：
HAROLD, RD
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Cvencek, Dario;Meltzoff, Andrew N.;Greenwald, Anthony G.
通讯作者：
Greenwald, Anthony G.
影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Dasgupta, Nilanjana
通讯作者：
Dasgupta, Nilanjana