Uptake of extracellular double-stranded RNA by SID-2.

Uptake of extracellular double-stranded RNA by SID-2.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2012.07.014
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发表时间:
2012-09-14
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Huntert, Craig P.
Huntert, Craig P.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McEwan, Deborah L.;Weisman, Alexandra S.;Huntert, Craig P.

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在包括秀丽隐杆线虫在内的许多无脊椎动物中,摄入的dsRNAs会触发RNA干扰(RNAi)。本研究表明秀丽隐杆线虫的顶端肠膜蛋白SID-2是秀丽隐杆线虫摄取摄取的dsRNA所必需的,当在果蝇S2细胞中表达时,SID-2能够使dsRNA摄取。sid -2依赖的dsRNA转运需要酸性的细胞外环境,并且对至少有50个碱基对的dsRNA具有选择性。通过结构-功能分析,我们确定了该活性所需的几个SID-2区域,包括三种细胞外带正电的组氨酸。最后,我们发现sid -2依赖性转运被干扰囊泡转运的药物所抑制。因此,我们提出环境dsrna通过SID-2的内吞作用从酸性肠腔中输入,并在dsrna通道SID-1介导的二级步骤中从内化的囊泡中释放。类似的多步骤机制可能是环境RNAi广泛观察的基础。
Ingested dsRNAs trigger RNA interference (RNAi) in many invertebrates including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we show that the C. elegans apical intestinal membrane protein SID-2 is required in C. elegans for the import of ingested dsRNA and, when expressed in Drosophila S2 cells, SID-2 enables the uptake of dsRNAs. SID-2-dependent dsRNA transport requires an acidic extracellular environment and is selective for dsRNAs with at least 50 base pairs. Through structure-function analysis, we identify several SID-2 regions required for this activity including three extracellular, positively-charged, histidines. Finally, we find that SID-2-dependent transport is inhibited by drugs that interfere with vesicle transport. Therefore, we propose that environmental dsRNAs are imported from the acidic intestinal lumen by SID-2 via endocytosis and are released from internalized vesicles in a secondary step mediated by the dsRNA-channel SID-1. Similar multistep mechanisms may underlie the widespread observations of environmental RNAi.
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