Novel brain gene-expression patterns are associated with a novel predaceous behaviour in tadpoles

Novel brain gene-expression patterns are associated with a novel predaceous behaviour in tadpoles
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新的大脑基因表达模式与蝌蚪的新捕食行为有关

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2021.0079
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ledon-Rettig, Cris C.
Ledon-Rettig, Cris C.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ledon-Rettig, Cris C.

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新的行为可以刺激进化变化,有时甚至先于形态创新,但其起源的进化和发展背景可能是难以捉摸的。一种提出的产生行为创新的机制是改变祖先行为或分子异时性的基因表达模式的发育时间。或者,新型基因表达套件可以为具有保守行为功能的信号通路提供新的背景,从而可以促进新型行为变异。为了确定这些替代品对行为创新的相对贡献,我使用了一种铲足蟾蜍,Spea bombifrons。根据环境的线索,Spealarabeles发展为两种变体之一:“杂食动物”,像他们的祖先一样,以碎屑为食,或“食肉动物”,捕食和同类相食。由于所有的无尾类幼虫在变态过程中经历了一个自然的过渡到专性食肉动物,有人提出,新的,捕食行为在Spealarterus代表影响后变质行为的基因网络的加速激活。基于大脑转录谱的比较,我的研究结果拒绝广泛的异时性作为一种机制,促进捕食性幼虫行为的表达。相反,他们认为这种特征的进化依赖于新的基因表达模式,其中包括具有保守行为功能的途径成分。
Novel behaviours can spur evolutionary change and sometimes even precede morphological innovation, but the evolutionary and developmental contexts for their origins can be elusive. One proposed mechanism to generate behavioural innovation is a shift in the developmental timing of gene-expression patterns underlying an ancestral behaviour, or molecular heterochrony. Alternatively, novel suites of gene expression, which could provide new contexts for signalling pathways with conserved behavioural functions, could promote novel behavioural variation. To determine the relative contributions of these alternatives to behavioural innovation, I used a species of spadefoot toad,Spea bombifrons. Based on environmental cues,Spealarvae develop as either of two morphs: ‘omnivores' that, like their ancestors, feed on detritus, or ‘carnivores' that are predaceous and cannibalistic. Because all anuran larvae undergo a natural transition to obligate carnivory during metamorphosis, it has been proposed that the novel, predaceous behaviour inSpealarvae represents the accelerated activation of gene networks influencing post-metamorphic behaviours. Based on comparisons of brain transcriptional profiles, my results reject widespread heterochrony as a mechanism promoting the expression of predaceous larval behaviour. They instead suggest that the evolution of this trait relied on novel patterns of gene expression that include components of pathways with conserved behavioural functions.
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