Biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes for biomedical applications.

Biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes for biomedical applications.
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DOI:
10.1186/s40580-023-00390-6
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发表时间:
2023-09-11
期刊:
影响因子:
11.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
材料科学2区
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--
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纳米酶模拟酶的功能,酶驱动控制生物过程的基本细胞内化学反应。它们有效地产生或降解特定的生物分子,这些生物分子可以启动或抑制生物过程,调节细胞行为。已经报道了两种在细胞内化学中利用纳米酶的方法。仿生催化复制了与天然酶相同的反应,而生物正交催化使细胞中的化学物质变得不可访问。基于纳米材料和催化金属的各种纳米酶被用来在细胞中获得预期的特定催化作用,要么是为了模拟酶的机制和动力学,要么是为了扩大难以获得的化学成分。每种纳米酶方法都有其固有的优势和局限性,使它们对于不同和特定的应用是互补的。本文综述了仿生和生物正交纳米酶的胞内催化策略及其应用,并对其局限性和未来的研究方向进行了讨论。
Nanozymes mimic the function of enzymes, which drive essential intracellular chemical reactions that govern biological processes. They efficiently generate or degrade specific biomolecules that can initiate or inhibit biological processes, regulating cellular behaviors. Two approaches for utilizing nanozymes in intracellular chemistry have been reported. Biomimetic catalysis replicates the identical reactions of natural enzymes, and bioorthogonal catalysis enables chemistries inaccessible in cells. Various nanozymes based on nanomaterials and catalytic metals are employed to attain intended specific catalysis in cells either to mimic the enzymatic mechanism and kinetics or expand inaccessible chemistries. Each nanozyme approach has its own intrinsic advantages and limitations, making them complementary for diverse and specific applications. This review summarizes the strategies for intracellular catalysis and applications of biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes, including a discussion of their limitations and future research directions.
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