Unlocking the Non-IgE-Mediated Pseudo-Allergic Reaction Puzzle with Mas-Related G-Protein Coupled Receptor Member X2 (MRGPRX2).
Unlocking the Non-IgE-Mediated Pseudo-Allergic Reaction Puzzle with Mas-Related G-Protein Coupled Receptor Member X2 (MRGPRX2).
复制标题
用Mass相关G蛋白偶联受体X2（MRGPRX2）解开非IgE介导的假性过敏反应之谜。
DOI：
10.3390/cells10051033
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发表时间：
2021-04-27
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Chow BK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar M;Duraisamy K;Chow BK
肥大细胞相关g蛋白偶联受体成员X2 （MRGPRX2）是在肥大细胞上表达的a类GPCR。肥大细胞是颗粒状的组织驻留细胞，以宿主细胞反应、过敏反应和血管稳态而闻名。免疫球蛋白E受体（FcεRI）介导的肥大细胞活化是一种被广泛研究和公认的过敏和超敏反应机制。然而，非ige介导的肥大细胞活化很少被探索，也没有得到很好的认识。经过几十年的不确定性，MRGPRX2被发现是负责非ige介导的肥大细胞活化的受体。MRGPRX2解开了非ige介导的伪过敏反应之谜，大量报道的内源性和外源性MRGPRX2激动剂证明了这一点。MRGPRX2仅在肥大细胞上表达，并对许多分子表现出不同的亲和力，如抗菌宿主防御肽、神经肽，甚至美国食品和药物管理局批准的药物。MRGPRX2的发现改变了我们对肥大细胞生物学的认识，填补了药物诱导MC脱颗粒和假过敏反应的潜在机制缺失的一环。这些非典型特征使得MRGPRX2在过敏性疾病中扮演了一个有趣的角色。在本文中，我们回顾了MRGPRX2在假性过敏反应中作为非ige介导的肥大细胞激活机制的新作用。本文综述了肥大细胞及其受体、MRGPRX2的结构、MRGPRX2激动剂和拮抗剂、MRGPRX2在假性过敏反应中的重要作用、目前面临的挑战以及未来的研究方向。
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X2 (MRGPRX2) is a class A GPCR expressed on mast cells. Mast cells are granulated tissue-resident cells known for host cell response, allergic response, and vascular homeostasis. Immunoglobulin E receptor (FcεRI)-mediated mast cell activation is a well-studied and recognized mechanism of allergy and hypersensitivity reactions. However, non-IgE-mediated mast cell activation is less explored and is not well recognized. After decades of uncertainty, MRGPRX2 was discovered as the receptor responsible for non-IgE-mediated mast cells activation. The puzzle of non-IgE-mediated pseudo-allergic reaction is unlocked by MRGPRX2, evidenced by a plethora of reported endogenous and exogenous MRGPRX2 agonists. MRGPRX2 is exclusively expressed on mast cells and exhibits varying affinity for many molecules such as antimicrobial host defense peptides, neuropeptides, and even US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs. The discovery of MRGPRX2 has changed our understanding of mast cell biology and filled the missing link of the underlying mechanism of drug-induced MC degranulation and pseudo-allergic reactions. These non-canonical characteristics render MRGPRX2 an intriguing player in allergic diseases. In the present article, we reviewed the emerging role of MRGPRX2 as a non-IgE-mediated mechanism of mast cell activation in pseudo-allergic reactions. We have presented an overview of mast cells, their receptors, structural insight into MRGPRX2, MRGPRX2 agonists and antagonists, the crucial role of MRGPRX2 in pseudo-allergic reactions, current challenges, and the future research direction.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Caughey, George H.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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