Shifting daylength regimes associated with range shifts alter aphid-parasitoid community dynamics.
Shifting daylength regimes associated with range shifts alter aphid-parasitoid community dynamics.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.4401
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发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
van Veen FJF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kehoe RC;Cruse D;Sanders D;Gaston KJ;van Veen FJF
随着气候变化导致物种向极地范围扩张，人口沿纬度梯度暴露于新的日照制度。日长是影响昆虫生命周期和活动模式的主要因素，因此导致新日长制度的范围变化可能会影响种群动态和物种相互作用；然而，迄今为止，隔离日长对生态群落的影响尚未被研究。在这里，我们测试了两种不同日长对实验多营养昆虫群落动态的直接和间接影响。我们比较了“南方”夏季 14.5 小时日照条件下的群落动态与“北方”夏季 22 小时日照条件下的群落动态。我们表明，食物网动态确实对日照长度有反应，与南方条件下相比，一种蚜虫（Acyrthosiphon pisum）在北方日照条件下达到的种群规模要低得多。相比之下，在同一群落中，另一种蚜虫（Megura viciae）在北方条件下达到了更高的种群密度。蚜虫水平上的这种效应是由日长的间接影响引起的，导致竞争相互作用强度的变化，不同的蚜虫物种在不同的日长制度下更具竞争力。此外，日照长度的增加也提高了野蚕豆的生长速度，使其在夏季长日照下更具竞争力。因此，日长的变化通过直接和间接的影响影响了蚜虫的种群规模，并通过物种相互作用进行繁殖。然而，与预期相反，寄生蜂并没有受到日照长度的影响。我们的结果表明，气候变化导致的整个群落范围的扩大确实可以改变生态群落内物种之间的相互作用强度，从而对群落动态产生影响。这项研究提供了日长影响群落动态的第一个证据，这是无法通过单独研究单个物种来预测的。
With climate change leading to poleward range expansion of species, populations are exposed to new daylength regimes along latitudinal gradients. Daylength is a major factor affecting insect life cycles and activity patterns, so a range shift leading to new daylength regimes is likely to affect population dynamics and species interactions; however, the impact of daylength in isolation on ecological communities has not been studied so far. Here, we tested for the direct and indirect effects of two different daylengths on the dynamics of experimental multitrophic insect communities. We compared the community dynamics under “southern” summer conditions of 14.5‐hr daylight to “northern” summer conditions of 22‐hr daylight. We show that food web dynamics indeed respond to daylength with one aphid species (Acyrthosiphon pisum) reaching much lower population sizes at the northern daylength regime compared to under southern conditions. In contrast, in the same communities, another aphid species (Megoura viciae) reached higher population densities under northern conditions. This effect at the aphid level was driven by an indirect effect of daylength causing a change in competitive interaction strengths, with the different aphid species being more competitive at different daylength regimes. Additionally, increasing daylength also increased growth rates in M. viciae making it more competitive under summer long days. As such, the shift in daylength affected aphid population sizes by both direct and indirect effects, propagating through species interactions. However, contrary to expectations, parasitoids were not affected by daylength. Our results demonstrate that range expansion of whole communities due to climate change can indeed change interaction strengths between species within ecological communities with consequences for community dynamics. This study provides the first evidence of daylength affecting community dynamics, which could not be predicted from studying single species separately.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Chen, I-Ching;Hill, Jane K.;Thomas, Chris D.
通讯作者：
Thomas, Chris D.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Fischer, Klaus;Liniek, Susann;Dierks, Anneke
通讯作者：
Dierks, Anneke
影响因子：
2
作者：
Gebauer, Konstanze;Hemerik, Lia;Meyhoefer, Rainer
通讯作者：
Meyhoefer, Rainer
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Gotthard, K;Nylin, S;Wiklund, C
通讯作者：
Wiklund, C
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N.;Mueller, Christine B.
通讯作者：
Mueller, Christine B.