Flagellar elongation and shortening in Chlamydomonas. The use of cycloheximide and colchicine to study the synthesis and assembly of flagellar proteins.
Flagellar elongation and shortening in Chlamydomonas. The use of cycloheximide and colchicine to study the synthesis and assembly of flagellar proteins.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.41.2.600
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发表时间：
1969-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ringo DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenbaum JL;Moulder JE;Ringo DL
鞭毛可以从双鞭毛类衣藻中去除，并且细胞几乎立即通过减速动力学开始再生鞭毛。在鞭毛脱落的通常情况下，超过98%的鞭毛被去除。在不那么激烈的条件下，可以选择一个鞭毛被去除而另一个完整的细胞。当两条鞭毛中只有一条被截断时，完整的鞭毛按线性动力学缩短，而被截断的鞭毛则再生。两个鞭毛达到相等的中间长度，然后以相同的速度接近它们的初始长度。当两根鞭毛被切除时，抑制蛋白质合成的环己亚胺浓度允许每根鞭毛形成不到三分之一。当在环己亚胺中只截断一个鞭毛时，缩短正常进行，并且在被截断的鞭毛上的伸长程度大于在环己亚胺存在下截断两个鞭毛的程度。因此，缩短过程与蛋白质合成无关，来自缩短鞭毛的蛋白质可能会进入鞭毛形成的前体池。在抑制蛋白质合成的环己亚胺浓度下，鞭毛的部分再生发生，这表明存在一些鞭毛前体。环己亚胺和鞭毛脉冲标记研究表明，前体在延伸的第一部分被使用，在延伸的中期被重新合成，并在鞭毛达到其初始长度时接近其原始水平。秋水仙碱完全阻断再生而不影响蛋白质合成，并且长时间暴露于秋水仙碱会增加转移到环己亚胺后鞭毛生长的数量。当秋水仙碱作用于仅去除一根鞭毛的细胞时，缩短继续正常进行，但再生受阻。因此，秋水仙碱可用于分离缩短和伸长过程。鞭毛衣单胞菌生长区的放射自显影研究证实了先前的发现，即组装发生在细胞器的远端（尖端生长）。
Flagella can be removed from the biflagellate Chlamydomonas and the cells begin to regenerate flagella almost immediately by deceleratory kinetics. Under usual conditions of deflagellation, more than 98% of all flagella are removed. Under less drastic conditions, cells can be selected in which one flagellum is removed and the other left intact. When only one of the two flagella is amputated, the intact flagellum shortens by linear kinetics while the amputated one regenerates. The two flagella attain an equal intermediate length and then approach their initial length at the same rate. A concentration of cycloheximide which inhibits protein synthesis permits less than one-third of each flagellum to form when both flagella are amputated. When only one is amputated in cycloheximide, shortening proceeds normally and the degree of elongation in the amputated flagellum is greater than if both were amputated in the presence of cycloheximide. The shortening process is therefore independent of protein synthesis, and the protein from the shortening flagellum probably enters the pool of precursors available for flagellar formation. Partial regeneration of flagella occurs in concentrations of cycloheximide inhibitory to protein synthesis suggesting that some flagellar precursors are present. Cycloheximide and flagellar pulse-labeling studies indicate that precursor is used during the first part of elongation, is resynthesized at mid-elongation, and approaches its original level as the flagella reach their initial length. Colchicine completely blocks regeneration without affecting protein synthesis, and extended exposure of deflagellated cells to colchicine increases the amount of flagellar growth upon transfer to cycloheximide. When colchicine is applied to cells with only one flagellum removed, shortening continues normally but regeneration is blocked. Therefore, colchicine can be used to separate the processes of shortening and elongation. Radioautographic studies of the growth zone of Chlamydomonas flagella corroborate previous findings that assembly is occurring at the distal end (tip growth) of the organelle.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.33.3.543
发表时间：
1967-06
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ringo DL
通讯作者：
Ringo DL
秋水仙碱作用机理。秋水仙碱与海胆卵和有丝分裂设备结合。
影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Borisy, G G;Taylor, E W
通讯作者：
Taylor, E W
DOI：
10.1099/00221287-11-3-358
发表时间：
1954-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
LEWIN, RA
通讯作者：
LEWIN, RA
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
MANS, RJ;NOVELLI, GD
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环氧树脂嵌入方法的改进。
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.9.2.409
发表时间：
1961-02
期刊：
The Journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology
影响因子：
--
作者：
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LUFT JH