Structure-switching biosensors: inspired by Nature.

Structure-switching biosensors: inspired by Nature.
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结构开关生物传感器:受自然的启发。

DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2010.05.001
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发表时间:
2010-08
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Plaxco KW
Plaxco KW
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vallée-Bélisle A;Plaxco KW

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本质上,化学传感依赖于生物分子开关,生物分子经历结合诱导的构象或寡聚变化,将化学信息转换为特定的生化输出。这些天然“生物传感器”支持在高度复杂的环境中进行连续、实时检测,受到其令人印象深刻的性能的推动,人们在将此类开关改造为人造化学传感器方面付出了巨大的努力。蛋白质和核酸工程领域(例如计算蛋白质设计、定向进化、选择策略和标记化学)的不断进步极大地增强了我们设计新结构转换传感器的能力。再加上先进光学读出机制(包括基因编码荧光团)和支持直接在高度复杂的样品基质中进行检测的电化学读出装置的发展,基于开关的传感器已经在从实时体内成像到血液中药物的连续监测等应用中得到部署。
Chemosensing in nature relies on biomolecular switches, biomolecules that undergo binding-induced changes in conformation or oligomerization to transduce chemical information into specific biochemical outputs. Motivated by the impressive performance of these natural “biosensors,” which support continuous, real-time detection in highly complex environments, significant efforts have gone into the adaptation of such switches into artificial chemical sensors. Ongoing advances in the fields of protein and nucleic acid engineering (e.g., computational protein design, directed evolution, selection strategies and labeling chemistries) have greatly enhanced our ability to design new structure-switching sensors. Coupled with the development of advanced optical read-out mechanisms, including genetically encoded fluorophores, and electrochemical read-outs supporting detection directly in highly complex sample matrices, switch-based sensors have already seen deployment in applications ranging from real time, in vivo imaging to the continuous monitoring of drugs in blood.
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