A New Mechanistic Model for Viral Cross Protection and Superinfection Exclusion.

A New Mechanistic Model for Viral Cross Protection and Superinfection Exclusion.
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病毒交叉保护和重复感染排除的新机制模型

DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2018.00040
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Qu F
Qu F
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang XF;Zhang S;Guo Q;Sun R;Wei T;Qu F

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通过1929年首次发现的交叉保护现象,预先感染了病毒的轻度变种的植物经常会对同一病毒的更严重的变种产生保护。尽管它被广泛用于管理重要的植物病毒疾病,但交叉保护的机制仍然知之甚少。我们实验室最近的研究,通过分析芜菁皱缩病毒(TCV)种群的全植物动态,结合对单个TCV变体的细胞生物学询问,揭示了可能的交叉保护的新机制和密切相关的重复感染排除(SIE)过程。我们的新机制模型假设,对于像TCV这样的RNA病毒,SIE表现出一种病毒功能,使后代病毒没有机会在其“双亲”的细胞中重新复制其基因组,并共同瞄准与后代病毒无法区分的高度同源的超级感染病毒。我们进一步提出,在进化过程中,SIE可能被选择来维持后代基因组中的最佳错误频率。虽然主要基于对TCV的观察,但这一新模型可能广泛适用于其他病毒,因为它提供了在病毒复制过程中容易出错的性质下保持病毒基因组保真度的分子基础。
Plants pre-infected with a mild variant of a virus frequently become protected against more severe variants of the same virus through the cross protection phenomenon first discovered in 1929. Despite its widespread use in managing important plant virus diseases, the mechanism of cross protection remains poorly understood. Recent investigations in our labs, by analyzing the whole-plant dynamics of a turnip crinkle virus (TCV) population, coupled with cell biological interrogation of individual TCV variants, revealed possible novel mechanisms for cross protection and the closely related process of superinfection exclusion (SIE). Our new mechanistic model postulates that, for RNA viruses like TCV, SIE manifests a viral function that denies progeny viruses the chance of re-replicating their genomes in the cells of their “parents,” and it collaterally targets highly homologous superinfecting viruses that are indistinguishable from progeny viruses. We further propose that SIE may be evolutionarily selected to maintain an optimal error frequency in progeny genomes. Although primarily based on observations made with TCV, this new model could be broadly applicable to other viruses as it provides a molecular basis for maintaining virus genome fidelity in the face of the error-prone nature of virus replication process.
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