Prevalence, determinants, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter infection among under-five children with diarrhea at Governmental Hospitals in Hawassa city, Sidama, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study.
Prevalence, determinants, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter infection among under-five children with diarrhea at Governmental Hospitals in Hawassa city, Sidama, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0266976
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fenta, Demissie Assegu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Behailu, Yeshareg;Hussen, Siraj;Alemayehu, Tsegaye;Mengistu, Mulugeta;Fenta, Demissie Assegu
弯曲杆菌病是一种人畜共患的细菌性疾病，在世界范围内呈上升趋势。近年来，它正成为五岁以下儿童死亡的最常见的细菌性胃肠炎原因。这项研究是为了确定弯曲杆菌感染的患病率和决定因素之间的五岁以下儿童急性水样腹泻。这项以机构为基础的横断面研究在哈瓦萨市的政府和私营卫生机构进行。本研究纳入了2021年4月至2021年8月期间所有符合入选标准的门诊5岁以下儿童。使用标准化数据收集工具获得人口统计学和临床数据。用无菌容器从每个参与者收集粪便样本，并接种在弯曲杆菌琼脂培养基上。通过生化试验和纸片扩散技术对分离株进行鉴定，以确定分离株的抗菌药物敏感性模式。使用SPSS 21版输入数据并进行分析。采用描述性分析和Logistic回归分析确定弯曲菌感染的决定因素。P值< 0.05被认为具有统计学显著性。共有235名五岁以下儿童参加了这项研究，应答率为100%。其中男性130例（55.3%），女性105例（44.7%），年龄范围为2个月至60个月，平均年龄为25个月。150人中的大多数（63.2%）是农村居民。在235例5岁以下儿童急性水样腹泻中，16例（6.8%）患者被发现有弯曲杆菌感染（95%CI，3.8-10.2%）。巴氏消毒奶的消费（AOR：0.12; 95% CI 0.02-0.75，P<0.05），存在家养动物，如猫、母鸡和奶牛（AOR：0.09：95% CI 0.01-0.67，P<0.05），准备食物前没有洗手习惯（AOR：3.63，95%CI 1.15-11.46，P<0.05）与弯曲杆菌感染显著相关。分离细菌的抗菌药物敏感性模式是100%敏感阿奇霉素，氯霉素，庆大霉素，然而，它是100%耐药头孢噻吩。社会人口统计学，环境和行为因素的协会进行了比较，消费未经巴氏消毒的牛奶，存在的家畜，如猫显着相关。弯曲杆菌感染在五岁以下急性水样腹泻儿童中的流行率相对较低。在这项研究中，与猫接触，食用未经巴氏消毒的牛奶与弯曲杆菌感染有关。弯曲杆菌感染的治疗方法必须考虑研究中指出的抗生素敏感性。因此，我们建议进一步研究，以确定负责弯曲杆菌感染与其他共病的物种和每个物种的敏感性模式，以指示适当的抗生素治疗。
Campylobacteriosis, is a zoonotic bacterial disease observed with a rising worldwide. It is becoming the most commonly recognized cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in under-five mortality in recent years. This study was done to determine the prevalence and determinants of Campylobacter infection among under-fives with acute watery diarrhea. This institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at governmental and private health institutions in Hawassa city. All outpatient under-five children who met the inclusion criteria from April 2021 to August 2021 were enrolled in this study. Demographic and clinical data were obtained using a standardized data collection tool. Stool samples were collected from each participant with a sterile container and inoculated on a campylobacter agar media. The isolates were identified by using biochemical tests and a disc diffusion technique was performed to determine the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of the isolates. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive and Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the determinants of Campylobacter infection. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 235 under-five children were enrolled in this study with a 100% response rate. Of these 130 (55.3%) and 105(44.7%) were males and females respectively with the age range of 2 months to 60 months with the mean age of 25 months. The majority of the 150 (63.2%) were rural residents. Of 235 under-fives with acute watery diarrhea, 16 (6.8%) patients were found to have Campylobacter infection with (95% CI, 3.8–10.2%). Consumption of pasteurized milk (AOR: 0.12; 95% CI 0.02–0.75, P<0.05), presence of domestic animals like cats, hens, and cows (AOR: 0.09: 95% CI 0.01–0.67, P<0.05), absence of handwashing practice before food preparation (AOR: 3.63, 95% CI 1.15–11.46, P<0.05) showed significant association with campylobacter infection. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolated bacteria were 100% sensitivity to Azithromycin, Chloramphenicol, and Gentamicin, however; it was 100% resistant to Cephalothin. The associations of socio-demographic, environmental, and behavioral factors were compared and consumption of unpasteurized milk, the presence of domestic animal like the cat was significantly associated. Campylobacter infection showed a comparatively low prevalence in under-fives with acute watery diarrhea. In this study contact with cats, consumption of unpasteurized milk were associated with Campylobacter infection. The treatment approach of Campylobacter infection must consider the sensitivity profile of antibiotics as indicated in the study. We, therefore, recommend further studies to determine the species responsible for Campylobacter infection with other co-morbidities and the susceptibility pattern for each species to indicate appropriate antibiotic therapy.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hald B;Skov MN;Nielsen EM;Rahbek C;Madsen JJ;Wainø M;Chriél M;Nordentoft S;Baggesen DL;Madsen M
通讯作者：
Madsen M
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Algammal AM;Hetta HF;Elkelish A;Alkhalifah DHH;Hozzein WN;Batiha GE;El Nahhas N;Mabrok MA
通讯作者：
Mabrok MA
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Deogratias, Anna-Pendo;Mushi, Martha;Mshana, Stephen
通讯作者：
Mshana, Stephen
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Jonsson, Malin E.;Chriel, Mariann;Hofshagen, Merete
通讯作者：
Hofshagen, Merete
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Addis T;Mekonnen Y;Ayenew Z;Fentaw S;Biazin H
通讯作者：
Biazin H