Gun violence restraining orders in California, 2016-2018: case details and respondent mortality.
Gun violence restraining orders in California, 2016-2018: case details and respondent mortality.
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DOI：
10.1136/injuryprev-2022-044544
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wintemute, Garen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pear, Veronica A.;Pallin, Rocco;Schleimer, Julia P.;Tomsich, Elizabeth;Kravitz-Wirtz, Nicole;Shev, Aaron B.;Knoepke, Christopher E.;Wintemute, Garen J.
2016年在加州实施的枪支暴力限制令（GVRO）暂时禁止暴力高危人群购买或持有枪支弹药。我们试图描述导致2016-2018年发布的GVRO的情况，提供有关GVRO过程的详细信息，并量化受这些命令影响的个人（“受访者”）的死亡率结果。对于2016-2018年GVRO受访者的横截面描述，我们从法庭文件中提取了案件细节，并使用LIGHTNEXIS将受访者与截至2020年8月的死亡率数据联系起来。我们提取了201名受访者的信息，并提供了法庭记录。受访者大多为白色（61.2%）和男性（93.5%）。54%的案件涉及对他人的潜在伤害，15.3%涉及对自己的潜在伤害，25.2%涉及两者。大规模枪击威胁发生在28.7%的案件中。96.5%的请愿者是执法人员，三分之一的案件导致按命令逮捕。在53.5%的案件中，在听证会后（在21天的紧急/临时命令之后）发出了一年的命令。大多数（84.2%）受访者拥有至少一支枪支，55.9%的案件中枪支被移除。在LIGHTNEXIS匹配的379名受访者中，有7人（1.8%）在GVRO发布后死亡：一人死于自己造成的火器伤害，这本身就是GVRO的原因，其他人死于与暴力无关的原因。GVRO最常被执法人员用于防止火器袭击/杀人，而GVRO后应答者中的火器死亡事件很少。未来的研究应调查更多的应答结果和异质性的潜在来源。
Gun violence restraining orders (GVROs), implemented in California in 2016, temporarily prohibit individuals at high risk of violence from purchasing or possessing firearms and ammunition. We sought to describe the circumstances giving rise to GVROs issued 2016–2018, provide details about the GVRO process and quantify mortality outcomes for individuals subject to these orders (‘respondents’). For this cross-sectional description of GVRO respondents, 2016–2018, we abstracted case details from court files and used LexisNexis to link respondents to mortality data through August 2020. We abstracted information for 201 respondents with accessible court records. Respondents were mostly white (61.2%) and men (93.5%). Fifty-four per cent of cases involved potential harm to others alone, 15.3% involved potential harm to self alone and 25.2% involved both. Mass shooting threats occurred in 28.7% of cases. Ninety-six and one half per cent of petitioners were law enforcement officers and one-in-three cases resulted in arrest on order service. One-year orders after a hearing (following 21-day emergency/temporary orders) were issued in 53.5% of cases. Most (84.2%) respondents owned at least one firearm, and firearms were removed in 55.9% of cases. Of the 379 respondents matched by LexisNexis, 7 (1.8%) died after the GVRO was issued: one from a self-inflicted firearm injury that was itself the reason for the GVRO and the others from causes unrelated to violence. GVROs were used most often by law enforcement officers to prevent firearm assault/homicide and post-GVRO firearm fatalities among respondents were rare. Future studies should investigate additional respondent outcomes and potential sources of heterogeneity.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Frattaroli, Shannon;Omaki, Elise;Levinson, Anne
通讯作者：
Levinson, Anne
影响因子：
39.2
作者：
Wintemute, Garen J.;Pear, Veronica A.;Tomsich, Elizabeth A.
通讯作者：
Tomsich, Elizabeth A.
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Forray, Ariadna;Yonkers, Kimberly A.
通讯作者：
Yonkers, Kimberly A.
影响因子：
13.8
作者：
Pallin, Rocco;Schleimer, Julia P.;Wintemute, Garen J.
通讯作者：
Wintemute, Garen J.
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Pear, Veronica A.;Castillo-Carniglia, Alvaro;Wintemute, Garen J.
通讯作者：
Wintemute, Garen J.