Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for attenuation of scar formation during wound healing.
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for attenuation of scar formation during wound healing.
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DOI：
10.1186/scrt111
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发表时间：
2012-05-31
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Tuan RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson WM;Nesti LJ;Tuan RS
疤痕是皮肤伤口愈合的结果，其可能既难看又对组织的功能有害。瘢痕组织是由伤口愈合成纤维细胞和肌成纤维细胞过度沉积细胞外基质组织而产生的，尽管它不如未受伤的皮肤，但它能够恢复身体与其环境之间边界的完整性。疤痕不是修复真皮组织的必要过程。相反，瘢痕组织的形成是由于在成人伤口愈合过程中发生的特定机制，并且主要由损伤部位的炎症反应调节。成体组织来源的间充质干细胞是组织修复的营养介质，参与正常的伤口愈合。这些细胞参与减轻伤口中的炎症并重新编程驻留的免疫和伤口愈合细胞以有利于组织再生并抑制纤维化组织形成。因此，这些细胞被认为是促进无疤痕伤口愈合的细胞疗法的可能候选者。这篇综述确定了间充质干细胞可以限制组织纤维化的具体机制，并总结了最近的体内研究，这些细胞已被成功地用于限制瘢痕形成。
Scars are a consequence of cutaneous wound healing that can be both unsightly and detrimental to the function of the tissue. Scar tissue is generated by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix tissue by wound healing fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and although it is inferior to the uninjured skin, it is able to restore integrity to the boundary between the body and its environment. Scarring is not a necessary process to repair the dermal tissues. Rather, scar tissue forms due to specific mechanisms that occur during the adult wound healing process and are modulated primarily by the inflammatory response at the site of injury. Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, which participate in normal wound healing, are trophic mediators of tissue repair. These cells participate in attenuating inflammation in the wound and reprogramming the resident immune and wound healing cells to favor tissue regeneration and inhibit fibrotic tissue formation. As a result, these cells have been considered and tested as a likely candidate for a cellular therapy to promote scar-less wound healing. This review identifies specific mechanisms by which mesenchymal stem cells can limit tissue fibrosis and summarizes recent in vivo studies where these cells have been used successfully to limit scar formation.
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