Hourly Wages in Crowdworking: A Meta-Analysis
Hourly Wages in Crowdworking: A Meta-Analysis
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DOI：
10.1007/s12599-022-00769-5
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发表时间：
2022-08-30
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Vrankar, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hornuf, Lars;Vrankar, Daniel
在过去的十年里，在线劳动力市场平台上的众包已经成为全球越来越多的人的重要收入来源。这一发展导致了人们在这些平台上赚取工资的政治和学术兴趣的增加。本研究通过对普遍时薪的元分析，扩展了通常基于单一平台、地区或众创类别的文献。经过系统的文献检索，本文考虑了22项主要实证研究，包括105个工资和76,765个数据点，来自22个平台，8个不同的国家，10年。研究发现，平均而言，微任务导致的时薪不到6美元。这个工资明显低于在线自由职业者的平均工资，如果不考虑无偿工作，在线自由职业者的平均工资大约是前者的三倍。考虑到无酬工作（如搜索任务和与请求者沟通）的时薪往往比不考虑无酬工作的时薪低得多。考虑到大多数文献没有考虑无偿工作时间对众包工资的影响，评估众包工资的立法者和研究人员在评估小时工资时需要意识到这种偏见。为了促进不同研究结果的可比性，文章建议学者考虑一个工资修正因子来解释无偿工作。最后，研究者应该意识到，众包平台上的报酬和工作流程会系统性地影响无偿工作的数据收集方法和纳入。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s12599-022-00769-5获得。
In the past decade, crowdworking on online labor market platforms has become an important source of income for a growing number of people worldwide. This development has led to increasing political and scholarly interest in the wages people can earn on such platforms. This study extends the literature, which is often based on a single platform, region, or category of crowdworking, through a meta-analysis of prevalent hourly wages. After a systematic literature search, the paper considers 22 primary empirical studies, including 105 wages and 76,765 data points from 22 platforms, eight different countries, and 10 years. It is found that, on average, microtasks results in an hourly wage of less than $6. This wage is significantly lower than the mean wage of online freelancers, which is roughly three times higher when not factoring in unpaid work. Hourly wages accounting for unpaid work, such as searching for tasks and communicating with requesters, tend to be significantly lower than wages not considering unpaid work. Legislators and researchers evaluating wages in crowdworking need to be aware of this bias when assessing hourly wages, given that the majority of literature does not account for the effect of unpaid work time on crowdworking wages. To foster the comparability of different research results, the article suggests that scholars consider a wage correction factor to account for unpaid work. Finally, researchers should be aware that remuneration and work processes on crowdworking platforms can systematically affect the data collection method and inclusion of unpaid work. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12599-022-00769-5.
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