When all signs point to you: lies told in the face of evidence.
When all signs point to you: lies told in the face of evidence.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0020787
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发表时间：
2011-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Lee, Kang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, Angela D.;Xu, Fen;Lee, Kang
研究人员调查了幼儿通过使谎言与他们违法行为的物理证据相一致而说出策略性谎言的能力，以及这种说谎行为的社会认知相关性。在实验1中，247名3至5岁的中国儿童（126名男孩）被单独留在一个房间里，并被要求不要举起杯子看里面的东西。如果孩子们举起杯子，杯子里的东西就会洒出来，留下他们违法行为的证据。回到房间后，实验者问孩子们是否偷看了杯子，杯子里的东西是怎么掉到桌子上的。实验1显示，幼儿在大约4、5岁时就能根据实物证据说出有策略的谎言，而且这种能力随着年龄的增长而变得越来越复杂。实验二包括252名中国4岁儿童（127名男孩），确定了与儿童撒谎能力相关的两个社会认知因素。具体而言，儿童的心理理论理解和抑制控制技能与他们在面对物证时说出战略谎言的能力显著相关。目前的调查显示，与流行的观点相反，即使是年幼的孩子也能在某些情况下说出有策略的谎言。
Young children’s ability to tell a strategic lie by making it consistent with the physical evidence of their transgression was investigated along with the sociocognitive correlates of such lie-telling behaviors. In Experiment 1, 247 Chinese children between 3 and 5 years of age (126 boys) were left alone in a room and asked not to lift a cup to see the contents. If children lifted up the cup, the contents would be spilled and evidence of their transgression would be left behind. Upon returning to the room, the experimenter asked children whether they peeked and how the contents of the cup ended up on the table. Experiment 1 revealed that young children are able to tell strategic lies to be consistent with the physical evidence by about 4 or 5 years of age, and this ability increases in sophistication with age. Experiment 2, which included 252 Chinese 4-year-olds (127 boys), identified 2 sociocognitive factors related to children’s ability to tell strategic lies. Specifically, both children’s theory-of-mind understanding and inhibitory control skills were significantly related to their ability to tell strategic lies in the face of physical evidence. The present investigation reveals that contrary to the prevailing views, even young children are able to tell strategic lies in some contexts.
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