Movement and storage of nematocysts across development in the nudibranch Berghia stephanieae (Valdés, 2005).
Movement and storage of nematocysts across development in the nudibranch Berghia stephanieae (Valdés, 2005).
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DOI：
10.1186/s12983-022-00460-1
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发表时间：
2022-04-18
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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细胞内隔离需要专门的细胞和分子机制，使捕食者能够保留和使用曾经属于其猎物的特定细胞器。关于吞噬作用等常见的细胞机制如何被修改以选择性地内化和储存外来结构，人们知之甚少。一种形式的防御性隔离涉及将刺痛的细胞器(线虫囊)从捕食者身上隔离出来的动物。虽然已经假设线虫囊是由专门的吞噬细胞识别的，用于内化和储存，但对任何后生动物谱系中这一过程的细胞和发育机制知之甚少。这一认识差距主要是由于在捕食者和它们的猎物之间缺乏遗传上易处理的模型系统。在这里，我们引入裸枝Berghia stephanieae作为模型系统来研究线囊隔离选择性的细胞、发育和生理特征。我们首先展示了以白纹伊蚊为食的白纹伊蚊，选择性地将线囊隔离在消化腺中发现的其他白纹伊蚊组织之上。使用共聚焦显微镜，我们发现线囊隔离在摄食后不久开始，在负责隔离的器官(线虫)在成人体内的附件(尾部)形成之前开始。这一发现与之前的研究不一致，以前的研究认为线虫的形成是在鹿角出现之后。我们的结果还表明，通过活体成像分析，线虫和甲藻都可以进入新生的节肢动物结构。这一结果表明，对线虫胞囊的选择性发生在丝状芽胞杆菌的线虫体内，很可能是在线虫噬菌体细胞本身。我们的工作突出了斯氏杆菌在未来研究中的用途，因为：(1)该物种可以在实验室培养，这提供了进入所有发育阶段的通道；(2)早期幼虫的透明度使成像技术(因此细胞和分子分析)变得可行。我们的结果为使用实时成像和靶向基因编辑来识别线虫包囊隔离所涉及的分子机制的未来研究铺平了道路。对斯氏杆菌线囊隔离的进一步研究也将使我们能够研究如何改变常见的细胞机制，如吞噬作用，以选择性地内化和储存外来结构。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1186/s12983-022-00460-1查阅。
Intracellular sequestration requires specialized cellular and molecular mechanisms allowing a predator to retain and use specific organelles that once belonged to its prey. Little is known about how common cellular mechanisms, like phagocytosis, can be modified to selectively internalize and store foreign structures. One form of defensive sequestration involves animals that sequester stinging organelles (nematocysts) from their cnidarian prey. While it has been hypothesized that nematocysts are identified by specialized phagocytic cells for internalization and storage, little is known about the cellular and developmental mechanisms of this process in any metazoan lineage. This knowledge gap is mainly due to a lack of genetically tractable model systems among predators and their cnidarian prey. Here, we introduce the nudibranch Berghia stephanieae as a model system to investigate the cell, developmental, and physiological features of nematocyst sequestration selectivity. We first show that B. stephanieae, which feeds on Exaiptasia diaphana, selectively sequesters nematocysts over other E. diaphana tissues found in their digestive gland. Using confocal microscopy, we document that nematocyst sequestration begins shortly after feeding and prior to the formation of the appendages (cerata) where the organ responsible for sequestration (the cnidosac) resides in adults. This finding is inconsistent with previous studies that place the formation of the cnidosac after cerata emerge. Our results also show, via live imaging assays, that both nematocysts and dinoflagellates can enter the nascent cnidosac structure. This result indicates that selectivity for nematocysts occurs inside the cnidosac in B. stephanieae, likely in the cnidophage cells themselves. Our work highlights the utility of B. stephanieae for future research, because: (1) this species can be cultured in the laboratory, which provides access to all developmental stages, and (2) the transparency of early juveniles makes imaging techniques (and therefore cell and molecular assays) feasible. Our results pave the way for future studies using live imaging and targeted gene editing to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in nematocyst sequestration. Further studies of nematocyst sequestration in B. stephanieae will also allow us to investigate how common cellular mechanisms like phagocytosis can be modified to selectively internalize and store foreign structures. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12983-022-00460-1.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Goodheart JA;Bleidißel S;Schillo D;Strong EE;Ayres DL;Preisfeld A;Collins AG;Cummings MP;Wägele H
通讯作者：
Wägele H
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Melo Clavijo J;Frankenbach S;Fidalgo C;Serôdio J;Donath A;Preisfeld A;Christa G
通讯作者：
Christa G
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Kristof A;Klussmann-Kolb A
通讯作者：
Klussmann-Kolb A
影响因子：
11
作者：
Gabay, Yasmin;Parkinson, John Everett;Davy, Simon K.
通讯作者：
Davy, Simon K.
DOI：
10.1080/10236248009386975
发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
MARINE BEHAVIOUR AND PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
CARRE, D;CARRE, C
通讯作者：
CARRE, C