Patterns of Evolution of TRIM Genes Highlight the Evolutionary Plasticity of Antiviral Effectors in Mammals.

Patterns of Evolution of TRIM Genes Highlight the Evolutionary Plasticity of Antiviral Effectors in Mammals.
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DOI:
10.1093/gbe/evad209
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发表时间:
2023-12-01
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Esteves, Pedro J.
Esteves, Pedro J.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fernandes, Alexandre P.;OhAinle, Molly;Esteves, Pedro J.

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哺乳动物的先天免疫系统是由相互作用的蛋白质组成的复杂网络形成的,它们共同构成了感染性病原体进入的第一道屏障。来自E3-泛素连接酶三联基序(TRIM)家族的基因已被证明通过限制不同逆转录病毒物种的活性在先天免疫系统中发挥重要作用。例如,TRIM 5和TRIM 22都与HIV限制有关,被认为是哺乳动物抗逆转录病毒机制的关键部分。我们对积极选择的分析证实了这些基因对某些哺乳动物群体的重要意义。然而,我们也发现许多物种完全缺乏TRIM 5和TRIM 22。通过分析大量的哺乳动物基因组,在这里,我们提供了第一个全面的观点,这些基因在真兽目的进化,显示TRIM基因的积累模式已经不同的哺乳动物订单。我们的数据表明,这些差异是由真兽目动物免疫系统的进化可塑性引起的,真兽目动物已经适应了使用不同的策略来对抗逆转录病毒感染。总之,我们的研究结果提供了一个代表性的限制因子家族的不同进化的见解,突出了先天免疫系统的适应性和特异质进化的一个例子。
The innate immune system of mammals is formed by a complex web of interacting proteins, which together constitute the first barrier of entry for infectious pathogens. Genes from the E3-ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif (TRIM) family have been shown to play an important role in the innate immune system by restricting the activity of different retrovirus species. For example, TRIM5 and TRIM22 have both been associated with HIV restriction and are regarded as crucial parts of the antiretroviral machinery of mammals. Our analyses of positive selection corroborate the great significance of these genes for some groups of mammals. However, we also show that many species lack TRIM5 and TRIM22 altogether. By analyzing a large number of mammalian genomes, here we provide the first comprehensive view of the evolution of these genes in eutherians, showcasing that the pattern of accumulation of TRIM genes has been dissimilar across mammalian orders. Our data suggest that these differences are caused by the evolutionary plasticity of the immune system of eutherians, which have adapted to use different strategies to combat retrovirus infections. Altogether, our results provide insights into the dissimilar evolution of a representative family of restriction factors, highlighting an example of adaptive and idiosyncratic evolution in the innate immune system.
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