Cascading ecological effects of eliminating fishery discards.
Cascading ecological effects of eliminating fishery discards.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms4893
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发表时间：
2014-05-13
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Speirs, Douglas C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heath, Michael R.;Cook, Robin M.;Cameron, Angus I.;Morris, David J.;Speirs, Douglas C.
渔业丢弃被视为违背负责任的捕捞。许多司法管辖区正在推行旨在终止这种做法的立法。然而，被丢弃的鱼是一系列食腐动物的食物;因此，停止丢弃可能会产生生态后果。在这里，我们调查的敏感性，生态影响丢弃政策使用北海的生态系统模型，该地区的拖网捕鱼量的30-40%，目前被丢弃。我们表明，像往常一样捕鱼时将整个捕获物降落对海鸟，海洋哺乳动物和海底动物群有保护处罚，对鱼类种群没有好处。然而，将上岸义务与改变捕捞方法以限制捕捞不需要的鱼类相结合，会产生营养级联效应，使鸟类、哺乳动物和大多数鱼类种群受益。我们的研究结果强调了考虑渔业管理政策的更广泛的生态系统后果的重要性，因为物种的相互作用可能会消散或否定预期的好处。 渔船的废弃物是食腐动物的食物，因此结束这种做法可能会产生生态后果。在这里，希思等人表明，提高选择性，使不需要的鱼不被捕获，实现保护效益，而只是要求船只登陆他们的整个渔获，没有。
Discarding by fisheries is perceived as contrary to responsible harvesting. Legislation seeking to end the practice is being introduced in many jurisdictions. However, discarded fish are food for a range of scavenging species; so, ending discarding may have ecological consequences. Here we investigate the sensitivity of ecological effects to discarding policies using an ecosystem model of the North Sea—a region where 30–40% of trawled fish catch is currently discarded. We show that landing the entire catch while fishing as usual has conservation penalties for seabirds, marine mammals and seabed fauna, and no benefit to fish stocks. However, combining landing obligations with changes in fishing practices to limit the capture of unwanted fish results in trophic cascades that can benefit birds, mammals and most fish stocks. Our results highlight the importance of considering the broader ecosystem consequences of fishery management policy, since species interactions may dissipate or negate intended benefits. Discards from fishing vessels are food for scavenging species, so ending the practice may have ecological consequences. Here, Heath et al. show that improving selectivity so that unwanted fish are not caught, achieves conservation benefits, while simply requiring that vessels land their entire catch, does not.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Heath MR;Speirs DC;Steele JH
通讯作者：
Steele JH
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Groenewold, S;Fonds, M
通讯作者：
Fonds, M
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2013.1901
发表时间：
2013-11-07
期刊：
Proceedings. Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hudson LN;Reuman DC
通讯作者：
Reuman DC
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Catchpole, TL;Frid, CLJ;Gray, TS
通讯作者：
Gray, TS
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Fitzpatrick, Mike;Graham, Norman;Reid, Dave G.
通讯作者：
Reid, Dave G.