Human dimensions of climate change: the vulnerability of small farmers in the Amazon.
Human dimensions of climate change: the vulnerability of small farmers in the Amazon.
复制标题
气候变化的人类层面：亚马逊小农的脆弱性。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2007.0025
复制
发表时间：
2008-05-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moran EF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brondizio ES;Moran EF
本文提出了关于人类适应亚马逊气候变化的双重观点。首先，我们需要了解调节个人和当地居民对环境变化的认知和行为反应的过程。其次，我们应该考虑向区域和当地居民，特别是小农生产和传播全球和国家气候信息和模型的过程。我们讨论了亚马逊小农的社会文化和环境多样性，以及他们对与干旱、洪水和意外火灾相关的气候变化的敏感性。利用帕拉州研究地区的调查、民族志和档案数据，我们讨论了农民对气候事件、干旱和意外火灾的知识来源和长期记忆；他们的气候信息来源；他们对干旱和火灾事件的反应以及降雨模式变化对土地利用的影响。我们强调了适应气候变化所带来的挑战，这些挑战是由于移民和家庭更替对集体行动和记忆的影响、用于监测和传播气候数据的尺度不匹配以及缺乏将大规模预测转化为当地需求的推广服务而造成的。我们发现，对于大多数农民来说，三年后，对长期干旱的记忆往往会显着减少。 2002 年接受采访的农民中有超过 50% 不记得 1997/1998 年发生的严重厄尔尼诺南方涛动 (ENSO) 干旱。这有助于解释为什么大约 40% 的农民在面对二十世纪最强烈的 ENSO 事件时没有改变他们的土地使用行为。
This paper argues for a twofold perspective on human adaptation to climate change in the Amazon. First, we need to understand the processes that mediate perceptions of environmental change and the behavioural responses at the levels of the individual and the local population. Second, we should take into account the process of production and dissemination of global and national climate information and models to regional and local populations, especially small farmers. We discuss the sociocultural and environmental diversity of small farmers in the Amazon and their susceptibility to climate change associated with drought, flooding and accidental fire. Using survey, ethnographic and archival data from study areas in the state of Pará, we discuss farmers' sources of knowledge and long-term memory of climatic events, drought and accidental fire; their sources of climate information; their responses to drought and fire events and the impact of changing rainfall patterns on land use. We highlight the challenges of adaptation to climate change created by the influence of migration and family turnover on collective action and memory, the mismatch of scales used to monitor and disseminate climate data and the lack of extension services to translate large-scale forecasts to local needs. We found that for most farmers, memories of extended drought tend to decrease significantly after 3 years. Over 50% of the farmers interviewed in 2002 did not remember as significant the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drought of 1997/1998. This helps explain why approximately 40% of the farmers have not changed their land-use behaviours in the face of the strongest ENSO event of the twentieth century.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Moran, Emilio F.;Adams, Ryan;Boucek, Bruce
通讯作者：
Boucek, Bruce
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Orlove, BS;Chiang, JCH;Cane, MA
通讯作者：
Cane, MA
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
BEHRENS, CA
通讯作者：
BEHRENS, CA
DOI：
10.1525/cag.2004.26.1-2.1
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
Culture & Agriculture
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brondizio, E. S.
通讯作者：
Brondizio, E. S.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Lemos, MC;Finan, TJ;Tucker, J
通讯作者：
Tucker, J