Fecundity compensation and tolerance to a sterilizing pathogen in Daphnia.
Fecundity compensation and tolerance to a sterilizing pathogen in Daphnia.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02579.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Little TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vale PF;Little TJ
寄生虫在与寄生虫的斗争中有几道防线：它们可以防止感染的建立，一旦感染就减少寄生虫的生长，或者通过减少感染造成的损害的机制（称为耐受性）坚持下去。对动物耐受性的研究主要集中在死亡率上，而对不育耐受性尚未进行实验研究。在这里，我们测试了无脊椎动物大型蚤感染消毒细菌病原体多枝巴斯德菌时，防御多个步骤中的遗传变异：抗感染抗性，抗生长抗性和一旦感染就耐受消毒的能力。当暴露于九个剂量的遗传多样性病原体接种物，六个主机基因型不同的平均易感性感染和寄生虫负荷一旦感染。宿主生殖力如何随着寄生虫负荷的增加而变化，基因型之间没有变化，表明生殖力耐受性的这种措施没有遗传变异。然而，基因型不同的繁殖力补偿感染下的水平，我们讨论了如何，通过增加主机健身不针对寄生虫密度，繁殖力补偿是一致的功能定义的宽容。这种感染引起的生活史变化传统上不被认为是免疫反应的一部分，但可能会至关重要地减少疾病造成的伤害（在健身损失方面），并且是对病原体的选择的独特来源。
Hosts are armed with several lines of defence in the battle against parasites: they may prevent the establishment of infection, reduce parasite growth once infected or persevere through mechanisms that reduce the damage caused by infection, called tolerance. Studies on tolerance in animals have focused on mortality, and sterility tolerance has not been investigated experimentally. Here, we tested for genetic variation in the multiple steps of defence when the invertebrate Daphnia magna is infected with the sterilizing bacterial pathogen Pasteuria ramosa: anti-infection resistance, anti-growth resistance and the ability to tolerate sterilization once infected. When exposed to nine doses of a genetically diverse pathogen inoculum, six host genotypes varied in their average susceptibility to infection and in their parasite loads once infected. How host fecundity changed with increasing parasite loads did not vary between genotypes, indicating that there was no genetic variation for this measure of fecundity tolerance. However, genotypes differed in their level of fecundity compensation under infection, and we discuss how, by increasing host fitness without targeting parasite densities, fecundity compensation is consistent with the functional definition of tolerance. Such infection-induced life-history shifts are not traditionally considered to be part of the immune response, but may crucially reduce harm (in terms of fitness loss) caused by disease, and are a distinct source of selection on pathogens.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Corteel, Mathias;Dantas-Lima, Joao J.;Nauwynck, Hans J.
通讯作者：
Nauwynck, Hans J.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
FINEBLUM, WL;RAUSHER, MD
通讯作者：
RAUSHER, MD
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Corby-Harris, V.;Habel, K. E.;Promislow, D. E. L.
通讯作者：
Promislow, D. E. L.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2002.2193
发表时间：
2003-02-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Agrawal, AF;Lively, CM
通讯作者：
Lively, CM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.052533799
发表时间：
2002-03-19
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Canny, G;Levy, O;Colgan, SP
通讯作者：
Colgan, SP